I've never been one to mod my headphones. I appreciate that different makers have different ideas of good sound and they probably have a lot more knowledge than I do in engineering and acoustic terms. That said, maybe damping has been an oversight?
My experience with damping the HE-400 has opened my eyes. The difference is not subtle, it's jaw dropping. Don't get me wrong, it has not changed the sound signature or character of the HE-400. It is still quick, energetic and fun. What the damping did was to make it clean. It's almost like surgical cleansing; you just killed all the germs. In this case, unwanted noise is eliminated. Look, i'm not an engineer. So I can't quantify it for you and I have no desire to. I'm a musician and when I listen to a damped HE-400, i'm marveled by how clean and well defined the sound is now.
Speaking of well defined sound, much of that I feel is due to the increased rate of decay. There is just the right amount of space now between sounds. It was just slightly bleeding over before, in the highs especially. I think that did a lot to cover up the mids. Now that the dust has been wiped off the window, I can see clearly.
The other thing that is apparent is how much heftier the sound is, not that it was anorexic before but it just has a little more weight to the sound. To me, it's like the difference between bouncing a volleyball and a basketball. One's a little denser, weightier and bounces better. The bounce sounds better too. I think the weight is more proportioned to the speed of the attack. Ping pong balls are now golf balls. Overall, it just gives a feeling of solidness. It doesn't light up or distort when you push it. As susceptible to interference. Another way to explain it is like having a bad or good tripod. The good tripod doesn't transfer the vibration to the camera, so you can take longer exposure pictures without worrying that the picture will get too noisy.
Can you overdo the damping? I'm sure. I think we all have to find the right balance for ourselves. I've been listening to all sorts of music and I've been impressed every single time. Lorde, Herbie Hancock, Mahler, Acoustic stuff, Dave Brubeck, Piazzolla, Green Day. I'm in love with the HE-400. I think the driver is competent enough. All it needed was a little fine tuning.