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Originally Posted by IPodPJ /img/forum/go_quote.gif
It is appreciated Dan and I thank you for sharing. Is there anything you can tell me about how loud the headphones are able to get before their drivers start to distort? I know the HD800 have a power handling maximum of 500mW and rated at 300 ohms.
Also, I'd like to know if my amp (Corda Opera) has enough power for them. The rated specs are maximum output of 13V/500mA. That equates to 6.5 watts. I know there is no possible way it is outputting anywhere near 6500mW, and at what impedance I don't know (but my guess would be 0 to come up with a rating like that). It gets my D5000 to driver blowing levels and they can handle 1000mW and are rated at 26 ohm. My K702 (60 ohm) can only handle 200mW, and my amp can cause the drivers to distort as well, but barely. The HD800 handle 500mW but they are 300 ohm so I'd like to know if my amp is sufficient for them. (I know the Opera was designed using the HD600/650, also 300 ohm.) The Luxman P-1 provides 106mW at 300 ohms, and people seem to feel it works well with the HD650. Are tube amps the only amps that will provide 500mW at 300ohms and if so, why?
Any help you can provide is greatly appreciated. I know I asked a lot. Thanks!
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I am not sure I can answer all your specific questions about the various gear out there. You said the HD650 has a maximum power rating of 500mW, so at 300 Ohm it amounts to 12.25V rms, and 41mA. That is a hack of a lot! That is of course assuming 500mW per side. If we assume that the rating is 250mW per side (a total of 500mW for both sides) then the voltage is 8.66V and the current is 29mA. That is still a hack of a lot! So I would tend to think that the rating is for indicating the point of damage to the headphones. Such power levels are enough to wake up a deaf dead man...
You said that your amp can supply 13V/500mA. The way I read it, your amp can supply up to 13V and up to 500mA. But to have 13V AND 500mA, you need an impedance of 13/0.5 = 26 Ohms, and with such low impedance the power level would be 6.5 Watts! That is pretty low headphone impedance, and a ridiculesly high power...
If you plug say an 300 Ohm into you amp, and the maximum voltage is 13V, then the current is 13/300 = 43mA and the power is 13 * 0.043 = 0.55 Watts. If the impedance of the load (headphone) is say 600 Ohms, then the current is 22mA and the power is .29 Watt...
When you double the impedance, for the same power level you need to increase the voltage by a factor of 1.414 (41% higher voltage). The current will be reduced to around .707 (29% less current).
In other words, the amount of powered delivered depends on BOTH the headphone amp AND the headphone itself. The headphone amp data tells you the limits of its capability (voltage and current), but the headphone itself (the impedance) plays a role in how much poer is delivered.
All of the above is rather simplistic first order aproximation, because a headphone is not really a fixed load, nor is it a pure resistive load, but what I said is a reasnobly good approximation.
But all that is missing an importent factor. We are talking about the electric power delivered to the headphone. It is importent to know how much of that power gets converted into acoustic sound energy. Say you deliver 100mW electric power to the cans, do you end up with 10mW acoustic power (10% efficiency)? Or 50mW (50%)? A higher efficiency can will sound louder for a given power...
The efficiency in converting electric power to acoustic power (sound) is not at all a measure of sonic quality. At times, it is to the contrary. Clearly one may strive for high efficiency for small battery portable headphones, that will make the battery last longer between charges. But making the highest quality sound often requires putting the high efficiency requirment aside in favor for better fidelity.
Headphones do not require much power, so efficiency is usually not much of a consideration (other then for small portable devices).
Yes, I can drive my HD650 into "soft clipping" but that is at very high levels, above what I use. The maximum rating of 500mW is a point that you do not want to reach, it is way too loud. At such levels, the device will not break down but will distort. You do not need a tube amp to drive .5 Watt into the HD650. Yor amp and my DA11 will do that, just set the volume to max. But my advice is not to wear the headphone when you do that, you may end up with some hearing loss...
Regards
Dan Lavry