Hi there Jermo I would first like to say what a pleasure it is to talk to you and how much I respect sennheiser has a brand not just in terms of creating great products but just seeing the engineering that goes into the products. I just had a few questions in regards to the dynamic driver used in the ie900 and in general. In a earlier post in this forum you stated that you tried different materials for the driver. With the new trend of beryllium, aluminium and other composite materials being used as driver material do you see sennheiser ever using these materials for future products in regards to iems and if not why would that be due cost, tooling etc. Would balanced armature ever be used in sennheiser products in regards to iems in the future, why only 7mm and not something like 10mm driver which are a standard in many iems across iem brands. Lastly my final question how does magnetic flux impact the driver. Many new dynamic driver iems showcase having a high magnetic flux ranging from 1.6T to as high as 1.8T what would be the rough flux in the ie900 and do you consider the flux as an important element in creating a fast driver. Sorry for so many questions but I really love good dynamic drivers and always wanted to learn more about why certain things are done.
Hi nicnac!
Lot's of questions, this is going to be long:
1. Materials: Harder materials have been used in speakers for decades, and we've evaluated the concept thoroughly with the hardest materials available. The takeaway is that no material is "perfect", ie. everything develops undesirable partial vibrations in larger diaphragms. For IEMs in particular the problem of partial vibrations is much less of a concern since the diaphragm is so small. The main appeal I'd see is for marketing purposes, but we build products for better performance, not for a more appealing story. So in short no, you won't see exotic materials from us in headphones or IEMs.
2. BAs: For audiophile earphones, we'll never use them. We evaluated the technology in-depth and we follow every new development in that field. BAs are simply not as good as our dynamic transducers in terms of measurable performance.
3. Transducer size: Many dynamic driver IEMs use standard parts and don't have much choice
We develop and manufacture our own transducers and create the optimal solution for our purposes. We also have a 10 mm transducer for example in the IE 100 PRO, but it's just not as good as our 7 mm platform. Smaller diaphragms have advantages for high-frequency response (Tweeters are typically smaller than woofers). They are also more ergonomic and fit in smaller housings so that more people can wear the earphone comfortably. The question is then how small you can make it and still have lots of tuning freedom, low distortion, great manufacturability as well as acoustic headroom for great bass response. Our transducer experts labored over that challenge over 10 years ago and found 7 mm to be the optimal size. A similar story drove the 38 mm transducer in the HD 580 nearly 30 years ago, and that exact diameter is still the basis for all of our high-performance drivers outside of the HD 800 S. Physics tends to stay the same for longer periods of time.
4. Magnetic Flux is not denoted with Tesla, but the magnetic flux density is: Higher "magnetic force" means higher sensitivity across the frequency spectrum, which includes the high frequencies. So in a vacuum, higher magnetic flux density aids in a "faster" transducer. So is higher always better? Imagine for example an air gap with a very concentrated magnetic field and a high flux density (lots of Teslas) versus an air gap with a much more widely distributed magnetic field, so that we have less flux density, but a more evenly distributed field over the excursion of the voice coil. While the concentrated magnetic field may offer a better high-frequency response, it would have considerably increased distortion during high amplitudes, when the voice coil leaves the concentrated field. Conversely, the system with the more evenly distributed magnetic field will have slightly less high-frequency response but provide a much cleaner bass response since the magnetic force will vary less over the excursion of the transducer.
Most of our transducers have around 1 Tesla flux density, the 7 mm system in particular is a bit lower since a smaller system needs to excurse more to create equal sound pressure. The magnetic flux density is commonly used as a marketing vehicle because it's simple (higher number=better). Reality isn't simple, so for us at Sennheiser it's always a deliberate compromise between many factors to create the audibly best system, not to have the coolest marketing story (which is really tough for our marketing team
).