Can someone explain to me how different cables may affect the sound quality? I do not know the electronics behind this.
Intro:
Generally, that is considered a taboo question. The reason being that there is no way to know the answer until you hear it, and even then there are many skeptics that don't believe there is any change as long as the cables aren't defective.
There are many parts of a cable that can be measured. Based on what we can measure and what is known, we make assumptions about what a specific material or geometry might do to the sound. Still, there is no possible way (currently) to know how it will effect the sound. One of the many reasons it is not possible is the fact that there are so many variables: Your personal biology, sound preferences, individual gear, etc.
So you're probably wondering, "Then how do these other members know what cables to buy and how it will affect the sound?". They are making an 'educated' guess based on perpetuated generalizations and personal experience for others.
Examples:
***(I'm leaving out a lot of details here. There are enough to fill up threads. I'm trying to keep it simplified to be easier to understand).
Many believe that silver helps bring out the highs, while taming down the bass and adding overall clarity to the sound. Others find silver to be thin sounding, harsh, or sibilant. (Remember those variables?)
Copper is though of as having a warmer, more full-bodied tone with emphasis on the bass. Others find it muddy or veiled with possible lack of extension in the highs.
If you search different cable makers websites, you'll find many contradictions to these generalizations. The claims can even be outrageous at times. YMMV
The though process goes like this, generally:
"My headphones sound a little dark, maybe bass heavy or even a little veiled. Silver conducts electricity better than copper (very very slightly better), so that should help."
Or visa versa..."My headphone is a bit bright and cold, maybe a copper cable would help."
Conclusion:
The point is, you cannot be sure. What may be true for one person, one headphone, one setup, might not be true for another. Just because your silver cable worked magic on headphone 'A' doesn't mean it will do the same for headphone 'B'.
So, that sounds like a crap-shoot. Why bother buying cables? I think it's worth your money, but for other reasons.
1. Function - Proper length, flexibility, weight, etc.
2. Style - You paid for it. It might as well look good.
50. Sound - It might help, but don't make that your main reason for buying one.