@spennyb
There has been a lot communicated about FLAC and ripping CDs in the past couple pages, so I won't try to gather the quotes. I do want to point you in the right direction when it comes to ripping CDs. In the not too distant past, I too was faced with the dilemma of tons of mp3s ripped in various compression settings from 192 to 320 kbps over the years and decided once and for all to rip everything into FLAC.
mp3 and AAC (in the case of iTunes) are lossy formats; this means in order to achieve their extraordinary size compression of a song they throw away parts of the frequency spectrum. The lower the kbps, the more information is thrown out. You can test this for yourself. Rip a song in 128 kbps and then again in 320 kbps and it will be apparent to you which one is which.
FLAC is different. It's a compression algorithm, but it is lossless. As someone above has already mentioned there are different compression settings. You can set the compression level from zero to 8. If set at zero, the output file is the least compressed (bigger file), but the ripping process is faster as there is less work to be done. If you set the compression level to 8, then the output file is the smallest it can be, but the ripping process takes the longest. Of course any setting in between zero and 8 will yield a compromise of file size and ripping speed, accordingly.
Someone mentioned that CD quality is the best you can do and anything else above that is a waste. I have found that to not be true. I have countless examples of higher bit rate music that sounds better. How far up the bit rate ladder can you go before there are no differences? I cannot answer that question. There are sound engineers and recording masters that do not agree on this point, let alone a hobbyist such as myself. Additionally, I don't know if the higher bit rate music that I have is better because it is a higher bit rate or if the sound engineers did a better job of creating the higher bit rate tracks than they did the lower bit rate tracks when they created them from the master recordings.
If you want to hear what a truly well recorded track in a high bit rate can sound like, download any album by Chesky Records from HDTracks and I guarantee you'll be blown away.
I'd be remiss if I didn't point this out regarding HDTracks: Not all the music on HDTracks that is higher bit rate originated that way. I understand that they upsample a lot of their high bit rate tracks from CDs. Essentially filling the extra space with nothing and therefore having no audible difference from the lower bit rate tracks. So check the details section of the album and see what they state there to see if that particular album is worth the extra cost for the higher bit rate. Chesky Records albums are guaranteed to be sourced from the master and you'll definitely get what you pay for on those albums.
As for ripping a CD, the best way that I have found for doing this is using
Exact Audio Copy (EAC); and best part is, it is free as long as you're not using it for commercial purposes. EAC takes into account, even the particular minor misalignment of the laser in your drive. It takes longer to use this software than other software, but when you're done ripping with EAC that's the last time you'll have to rip your collection because you will end up with an exact copy of whatever is on your CD. Also, EAC compares the resulting output files with all other EAC users that have ripped that CD and gives you a score that will let you know how well your rip was performed.
Again for the doubters, take an mp3 that was ripped at 320 kbps and compare that to an EAC ripped CD and compare the results. You should be able to hear the difference between the lossy mp3 and the lossless FLAC. If you're unable to discern the difference, then happily stick to your mp3s.
As for iPods and iPhones, that is what I use for transport and I feed the digital output of my iPhone to the HA-2/HA-2 SE. To do that, I use
Korg's iAudioGate which works similarly to Onkyo HD Player and outputs the digital bits past Apple's 24 bit 48 kHZ limit. I prefer iAudioGate because the interface is cleaner and it gets updated more than Onkyo's. It's not perfect, but it gets the job done.
One last thing, if you are only going to be ripping CDs and won't have to deal with higher bit files, you can make your life simpler by using EAC to rip into ALAC (apple's lossless format similar to FLAC) and it will be compatible iTunes and iPhones. You can use the native iPhone player. Or you can use iAudioGate to output to the HA-2. Also, it is simple to go back and forth between FLAC and ALAC. Since they are both lossless, you are simply swapping out containers and you are not losing anything in the conversion.
Happy ripping.