The USB interface can be tested outside of the chassis.
Boards in the picture are the latest ones.
These 2 additional things that you can try.
1)Get an unused USB cable like the one you used to connect to the computer, cut off the computer end plug and strip back the insulation to get to the 4 wires, check that the wire ends have continuity with the pins on the USB socket on the other end. Turn the USB board over, there is a cluster of 4 pins under the USB socket.
2)There are 6 voltage regulators on the board check they are working correctly. These are the little rectangular ICs with 5 pins.
You will have to temporarily solder 4 wires between the PSU board and the USB board to connect both ends of J4.
The spring contacts on the pin sockets can stretch and deform easily, be careful about sticking wires into those.
Pins1 and 3 should be 4.7V, pin 5 should be 3.3V.