Unfortunately, my ears are old and worn out. And so I am unable to discern small and subtle differences. For me it's all about tone.
And even if I had golden ears, listening carefully and trying to characterize the sound of over 50 rectifiers (actually closer to 100 including 3 and 4 volt rectifiers) would be a major undertaking.
But I can share one observation that might prove useful. In my experience, tubes manufactured in the same factory by the same company tend to sound very similar. And to my ears, this is true for rectifiers, double triodes and even triode-strapped pentodes, such as the EL3N or C3g.
So to my ears, a Ken Rad 5U4G sounds quite similar to a Ken Rad 6SN7. An RCA 5R4GY sounds quite similar to an RCA 6SN7. A GEC U52 sounds quite similar to a GEC 6AS7G. A Mullard GZ32 sounds quite similar to a ECC32. And so forth.
And further, we don't listen to these tubes in isolation, but rather, in combination with drivers and output tubes. So I tend to use rectifiers as 'tone controls'. If I need to add a little more bass, I might install a Cossor 53KU or even a Svetlana 5C3S. If I need to boost the midrange, I might install a Holland-made GZ34. And if I need to add a little more treble, I might install a Sylvania 5U4G.
Hope this is helpful, but as always, my ears and my gear, YMMV.