Responding to the bolded sections above.
I've had two pairs of the "properly packaged" version (as the first's right earcup stopped working) and both continue to show a fairly wiggly response at lower frequencies with not superb L/R matching. The main difference for me is while the "crumpled pads" samples would fail to effectively seal in all situations, the "not crumpled pads" versions manage to provide a decent seal on my head... as long as I look forward and don't lean my head in any direction whatsoever.
Below is a measurements of the K371's L (teal) and R (blue) channels
on my own head (so use only the examples below as an illustration of what COULD happen on a real human's head - the same methodology and tools may give different results on
your own head) with these mics :
https://www.soundprofessionals.com/cgi-bin/gold/item/MS-TFB-2
I can calibrate them with my speakers against a UMIK-1 but they're already pretty well matched with it in the range of interest I can assess (I have no way of knowing whether or not they match below 50-60Hz as my speakers don't go any lower).
The dotted blue line represents the K371's right channel when I
slightly lean forward (by slightly I mean "look at my computer on the table", not 90°).
The two traces above are the AirPods Max' L and R channels. Because of the APM's ANC circuit it can deliver an exact FR below a few hundred hertz regardless of pad compression / seal quality / etc. (well, as long as we don't look at edge cases - the APM's compromised headband to cup attachment makes it break seal on my head when I significantly rotate it left / right, but for every day life it's not too bad), and so far the several APMs I've measured on my own head show very little sample variation and good channel matching (very much unlike the K371).
Don't look at the wiggles
below 60Hz, it's just that I didn't run sweeps at a loud enough volume and long enough duration. Above that they're valid.
Also, don't look at the absolute values below 50-70Hz, as I wrote I have no way of checking whether they're somewhat correct or not, only look at relative comparisons in that range.
So the TLDR is that while the K371's FR at lower frequencies is quite an achievement in terms of linearity compared to most other closed backs, particularly at its price point, it's still not quite excellent, and at least
as far as I'm concerned (as it depends a lot on the listener's anatomy), it's quite inconsistent in terms of seal quality (and I'd like to add that it's also highly inconsistent from seatings to seatings to the point where even several averages of five measurements will still exhibit differences).
I would not be surprised that the instability at lower frequencies is something that most people would actually experience with most closed backs, at least to some degree.
In regards to what happens above 1kHz
on my own head still, it's quite a bit more difficult to assess and I'm not quite as confident about the way I can measure them.
I can use this amateurish experimental DIY protraction :
https://www.head-fi.org/threads/how...guarantee-a-better-sound.958201/post-16405751.
I'm actually underselling it as for headphones with low seatings variations I have the feeling that it's pretty darned precise for
relative comparisons up to around 10kHz or so (something I'm in the process of trying to confirm at least up to 7kHz or so with measurements at the canal's entry with regular electret mics).
The main problem being that the K371 is not one of these headphones with low seatings variations. In fact for me it's the one that gives me by far the most inconsistent results from seatings to seatings, not just below 1kHz, but across the entire range I can assess to some degree.
So, while I have quite a few concerns that my measurements of the K371 (and to a lesser degree my APMs) are not quite as reliable as, let's say, the measurements I've made so far with this process with my HD650, HD560S, Hi-X65, Sundara or HE-400SE, here they are :
In solid red the APM's right channel, in solid blue the K371's right channel, in solid green as a reference the HD650 with somewhat fresh, but broken in pads.
These were made
during the same measurement session, ie the probe wasn't moved (something I can easily check by peppering the session with regular measurements of a pair of headphones with low seatings variation). Cf. link above to see the typical variation across
different sessions and why that isn't so much of a concern for
relative comparisons.
Important note that's worth repeating :
these results are not valid for you, they just
illustrate my own experience of
my own samples on
my own head. Also, don't look at the absolute values, they're necessarily incorrect to some degree, only look at the relative values between headphones.
And don't take it quite literally. I can't use these measurements to assert that at 8769Hz headphones A is 3,76dB higher than headphones B. More like "at around 6200Hz, headphones A tends to be 3-4 dB higher than headphones B".
Particularly for the K371 for which I feel that I'm living in a 2-3dB tolerance land above 5-6kHz or so, and to a lesser extent the APM.
Finally,
mind the scale on the left hand side. Each line is 0.5dB appart.
So with my own samples, on my head, the HD650 isn't wholly more forward than the K371, and - surprisingly given the measurements of it I've seen online, but not so surprising given my own listening tests - the APM is not quite so far appart from both (albeit a small dB difference across a wide bandwidth is noticeable, so it's still overall quite a bit depressed relative to the HD650 in the ear canal gain region).
The K371 exhibits somewhat of a null at around 3800-4000Hz (this one actually shifts across seatings), consistent with some measurements I've seen online.
Above 4kHz it's a bit of a peaky mess (confirmed with listening tests) and I personally find it a bit fatiguing. But again it's quite inconsistent.
I added two dotted traces in blue and and red which represent the K371's and APM's response respectively when the cups are slightly compressed against my head to re-balance the pressure around my ear (both headphones suffer from a poor headband to cup attachment design that makes them press unevenly around my ears). In both cases this results in a fairly significant difference, particularly in the ear canal gain region, at least below 3kHz or so. In the case of the APM it also solves a null at around 5800Hz. While this is not something I can be certain of, I'd draw the hypothesis that the APM's generally depressed ear canal gain region on test rigs measurements - particularly the ones that don't replicate a full human head -, and the K371's inconsistent results in the same area on said test rigs, may partially come from the rigs' design
around the artificial pinna not interacting with the headphones' mechanical design in a realistic way (
https://crinacle.com/2020/12/19/apple-airpods-max-review-the-audiophiles-perspective/).
I find these results quite interesting in light of that post from Jude :
https://www.head-fi.org/threads/sen...ments-harman-target-talk.957709/post-16346549
Quoting : "Compared to the AKG K371 (which is one of the closest matches to the Harman AE/OE Target), I find the AirPods Max to have more neutral sounding midband and treble. I understand some will agree and some will disagree, but that's part of the point I was making in the video."
I share Jude's assessment and also prefer the APM, but maybe - just maybe - it's because, at least in my own case, on my own head, it's the one that actually tracks Harman's target better (or at least its intent) ? It's not something that I can actually
know. Which one of the three above is the most representative of the target ? Impossible to assess without going to Harman's own listening room and measuring their speakers on my own head with the contraption above I suppose ?
Anyway, TLDR : dummy head / test rigs measurements are a great way to start to characterise headphones, and in these tests the K371 is a great achievement among closed backs, but some deviation from third party measurements will happen on your own head and the K371 may not shine quite as well in these conditions than other closed backs, and the results may not wholly conform to what you'd expect looking at these measurements.
TLDR 2 : while I can't speak about what others would experience, for me there is at least another pair of closed backs that's more linear than the K371, with the added benefit of being way more consistent, particularly below 800Hz or so. While I don't particularly love the way both the K371 and APM sound, the latter is IMO, for me, a much better basis for PEQ than the former (or any other closed back I've ever tried for that matter).