A question for
@iFi audio or anyone who can advise. May I know which measurement should I look at to determine how sensitive a headphone/iem is?
We recommend to normalise all measurements to dB/1V, as used by Sennheiser.
There are several reasons. Common smartphones tend to have around 1V maximum output on a headphone jack (unless software limited), so you know the maximum loudness a smartphone will provide on peaks, that's one of them.
And obviously, the higher the number the louder things are, and numbers can be directly compared to everyday noises (a truck, a jackhammer, a jet at takeoff etc.), making 1V very intuitive and so to speak graphic.
A good alternative, but less intuitive to handle is used by headphones measured by Innerfidelity.com, which lists V/90dB. In this case, the lower the number of Volts, the more sensitive headphones are.
Both dB/1V and V/90dB can be easily converted into each other.
Is it dB/1mW (i.e. efficiency)?
This dB/mW measurement is unfortunately the least intuitive. Let's take a 16 ohm and a 600 ohm headphones, both rated at 102dB/1mW.
The 16 ohm headphones' sensitivity will be 120dB/1V, which we would consider at the lower edge of high sensitivity.
Meanwhile the 600 ohm headphone will be 102dB/1V, which qualifies as low sensitivity, meaning you will need an amplifier for use with a smartphone or at least "normal" mode on an iDSD micro.
We have put together an excel / webpage calculator that is used internally to help with calculations and with converting dB/1mW; dB/1V and V/90dB into each other and to calculate maximum SPL & dynamic range with different iFi products and iEMatch settings. It is available by opening a support ticket.