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As a grad student I did a test of bit rates with high-res audio vs. what undergrads could detect in quality terms through middle of the road stereo system. Answer was none could hear any improvement beyond 160kbps.
There is a remarkable resemblance to full-resolution at that bit rate, to be sure. However, at least for me, longer listening (esp. on a familiar system when the subject is selecting the music and volume) reveals that differences can be heard up to 320kbps. Double blind methodology matters -- to do it well is seemingly impossible, and lengthy. When DBT does in fact detect a difference, you have a strong positive result. However, when it does not reveal a difference, by definition ("null hypothesis" testing), nothing is proven except that the difference is not large enough to be obvious under those exact conditions.
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...320kbps or so for most. But CD is 1,411kbps: 4X greater still.
Look again. CD is not 1411kbps effective data rate. An AIFF file includes redundancy. I believe that redbook uses "eight-to-fourteen modulation" (goes way back to space telemetry, IIRC) as a way of error avoidance (by spatial diversification of redundant data) and correction (not interpolation or approximation). Look it up for me... I'm not sure I'm precisely right. But the effective data rate of redbook is better represented bit rates of "apple lossless" (no redundancy) which in my experience is around 800kbps.
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Oh, and Mikey Fremmer and Stereophile have lost any credibility they once had, twisting themselves into pretzels to deny the validity of double blind testing in order to support ad space for $1,000 cables.
Pros in the area you studied have characterized DBT limitations and found ways to minimize the drawbacks. Not easy! The literature is there for anyone who is not a "golden-ear denyer".
It started long ago, but in the 80s and beyond, the National Research Council of Canada did some tremendous work... I've attended presentations.
Before this becomes like most DBT debates, please know I sympathize and came at this from a similar viewpoint. While there is certainly excessive self-fulfilling or placebo effects in the high-end world, it is not universal. I have been an AES member and even published a few times, and over the decades I've studied Sean Olive, Floyd Toole, and others, and been friendly with John Curl and John Atkinson. And spent some time with Mikey, and a dozen manufacturers and journalists. A major mentor was Richard Heyser. The ones who know what they are doing do not often fall prey to that. At least speaking for myself (acoustician and audio consultant for a time, who has studied with James Boyk at Caltech, Isadore Rudick and others at UCLA, and was offered the job of technical director at Stereophile in 1988), I tend to be hesitant to conclude any differences exist unless I can double check myself (like an informal version of the formal replication required in science journals.) Turns out, BTW, that my wife hears differences even faster than I. I could tell stories!....