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I'm a noob to all of this with headphone amps and DACs and trying to figure it all out. The Titanium has a DAC I think and the sound volume is high and it seems powerful enough and I hear no hiss or distortion at all. I have no idea what I'm doing and do not understand the benefits of an external amp and DAC with the equipment I have. I can understand if I were using a laptop or coming right out of an iPod but I have plenty of clear and clean power with a built in DAC on my Titanium... Please help me understand... If I place an amp and dac or a combo unit in line will I benefit? What is a DSP? Doesn't my sound card have that built in too?
Every sound output device has a DAC for the simple reason that the drivers that produce the sounds are analog and that even more importantly, our very ears are analog. Some have DACs with higher signal-to-noise ratios than others. Note that if you use S/PDIF (digital RCA coax or Toslink optical) or HDMI for audio, then you're just streaming digital audio to something else with a DAC.
The DSP processes the sounds as needed, adding effects and such without burdening the CPU. In the X-Fi's case, it's the EMU20K1 or EMU20K2. (If it doesn't have some deriative of either of those DSPs, it's not a true X-Fi.) While the lowered CPU overhead isn't that big of a deal these days, it still tends to ensure better quality than most of the software mixers that current games tend to use, and older games won't allow you to use their very best sound settings without a true X-Fi DSP.
What are DSP effects, you ask? EAX effects in games would qualify. Even more importantly, HRTF binaural surround filters like CMSS-3D Headphone and Dolby Headphone are DSP effects. (Yes, this makes a device like the Astro Mixamp both a DAC and a DSP.)
The basic difference is that DSPs are meant to change the sound signature, while DACs are meant to convert the digital waveform to analog with as little distortion or change in the sound as possible.
External amps are viable in that the one on the Titanium HD may not be sufficient for some headphones, but an external DAC that uses USB is pointless because it's just going to bypass your Titanium HD anyway. You could get one that's fed with S/PDIF from the Titanium HD, but half the reason to use the X-Fi Titanium HD in the first place is the high-quality analog output. A DAC that can do better would likely cost hundreds more.