Thorsten Loesch
Member of the Trade: Studio RaumklanG, Studio Cocktail
Good, you admit you were wrong:
What the video shows and what I commented upon are very different aspects of EMI. The setup in the video covers the effectives of the cable to act as antennae transmitting radio frequency noise (Radiated EMI).
The noise is actually not amplified in the setup you see, instead coupling between the current probe (and analyser) and the noise current in the cable (screen) is altered. As this forms in effect a transformer, adding magnetic material (ferrite) near the current sensor can enhance coupling.
Radiated noise, which is what the video measures, is what causes problems with radio reception (and hence it is legislated). It is generally not consequential for Audio and USB connections.
What is not measured or covered in any way in the video is the noise at the device fed through the cable (the monitor), either differential on signal lines or common mode (Conducted EMI). It is the noise conducted into the audio device is actually the kind of noise that gives us problems. If you instead measure conducted noise and not radiated noise.
Ferrites will have have different behaviour on signal cables for conducted noise. You cannot get amplification of noise transmitted through the cable by applying ferrites. For the signal and differential noise ferrites will have no effect, for common mode noise they add "resistance" (actually impedance, as it frequency dependent) in series with the noise from the source which together with the resistance (actually impedance) to earth in the sink causes the noise levels to be reduced.
If we make the series impedance infinity (galvanic isolation) or the shunt impedance to earth zero, noise completely disappears. For more real conditions the higher the series impedance and lower the shunt impedance the lower is noise at the sink. Increasing series impedance can never boost the noise, but high shunt impedance can.
This would be the case if the shunt path to earth is via a "Y-Capacitor" in an SMPS and the cable from the SMPS has a Ferrite. In this case the ferrite causes us problems, but is often present and needed to pass EMC tests.
But ferrites added to a signal cable can only reduced conducted interference.
So you are right, the video shows ferrites increasing the measured noise in specific conditions (which are mostly not however consequential for audio), while I am right in that adding ferrites to a signal cable cannot increase the noise at the sink device we use for audio (which is consequential for audio).
Thor
Last edited: