Well that is a very good question
A "Digital Volume" simply means that the volume is controlled by some sort of digital means.
This can be transistors, relays, resistors, pretty much any means of attenuating the signal as long as it is "controlled" digitally.
In computers the signals are digitally controlled through software which in turn controls transistors. Either turning them on and off, or controlling their current output.
Even software will distort an audio signal.
Anything that touches an audio signal will distort it and add noise.
In the case of my digital volume headphone amplifier, the volume is controlled by two devices. A volume control that puts out a digital pulse, and an IC that interprets this pulse and controls volume via transistors, and I'm sure there are some resistors in there too.
The idea being that most of the attenuation (signal reduction) is controlled by the gain of transistors, probably a jfet or some more advanced transistor (I'd have to look at the chip specs, but I know it is good
).
Thus the noise reduction is greatly reduced as transistors have far less noise then do resistors, and carbon volume controls are way noisier then just about anything, and they are the most common volume control in audio equipment, although microprocessor controlled volume is becoming very popular now.
All computers control volume with software that controls a digital control of some type and this is basically the same as what I use, EXCEPT I decided to go with an IC that DOES NOT use a clock or microprocessor.
Thus I believe my digital volume control is superior to those that do use carbon based volume controls or even microprocessor controlled volumes.
Although I have read specs on some chips that use microprocessors and they are quite good
I just wanted to make the purest digital volume that I could.
The chip I use "steps" through attenuation levels.
It does NOT use software of any kind.
And as far as I know, it has NO microprocessor inside the IC.
Back to your question.
Any time a signal is attenuated or increased for that matter, some noise and distortion will be added.
Only by leaving a signal alone will it remain intact fully...
But the purest form of signal manipulation is done with transistors.
And I'm talking about the newest types because they can have noise levels as low as 10 to the minus 12th.
Even though these transistors are NOT linear, with a fancy circuit of several transistors a very linear curve can be achieved.
And that's what these digital volume control ICs do.
My digital volume headphone amplifier will only amplify analogue signals, just so you know.
It doesn't have a DAC inside and does not connect to a USB port or have any digital input.
It has NO resistive or carbon based volume controls and it has NO capacitors in the audio signal path.
Basically it is as pure an analogue amplifier as I could derive at the time I created it.
Are there better digital volume controls.... Well yes there are, but they use micro-processors to control them.... and using them means a more complex circuit and much more chance of noise getting into the system.
Will I use those chips eventually..... Well yes I will
Simply because I like trying all possible combinations.
I hope this helps answer your questions.
hotaudio40