Chapter 4 The mystery of QCC3020 noise floor reduction
We have received a lot of feedback from the UTWS1 users saying that its noise floor is kinda large. Since it does not include earphones, the noise floor would be rather obvious when being matched with some low-impedance yet high-sensitivity earphone units.
In fact, we realized this problem when we developed our true wireless earbuds, the FW1 and EW1. The reason is that Qualcomm QCC3020 is a highly integrated chip with the DAC and amplifier inside. So it has small power consumption yet a high level of integration.
After all, TWS earbuds are highly integrated products, which are particularly sensitive to volume and power consumption. Qualcomm's design has reasons.
However, for those who focus more on sound quality, or for those who are more sensitive to the noise floor, it would be annoying if the device comes with an obvious noise floor. Inside the UTWS1, the noise floor has nothing to do with volume. Because it applied digital volume adjustment which was performed before digital to analog (DA) conversion and power amplification, the noise floor caused by hardware circuits such as DA conversion and power amplification will not be affected by the previous digital volume adjustment.
Therefore, during the development of the UTWS3, the most important design goal is to reduce the noise floor, at least ensuring no obvious noise floor for most headphones in addition to increasing the power and reducing distortion.
To achieve this goal, FiiO engineers added an additional amp chip, so that the QCC3020 will only be responsible for Bluetooth decoding and DA conversion while being free from amplifying analog signals.
In this way, the working conditions of the QCC3020 have been improved due to less load on it, and we can also add a two-level filter circuit to further reduce the noise. Especially the filter in front of the headphone amplifier chip TPA6140, which is not directly connected to earphones, can be made better without leading to overlarge output impedance.
After the above-mentioned processing, the noise floor of the UTWS3 is reduced to 8uV even when the volume is at the maximum level. It is already at the same level as that of a professional HiFi portable music player.
More importantly, the volume adjustment of the UTWS3 is completed by an analog volume circuit inside the TPA6140. Therefore, the noise floor generated by the QCC3020 can be controlled by its volume. The higher the volume, the greater the noise floor of the UTWS3 (only 8uV at the maximum). Generally, such a high volume is rarely used when we listen to music. This also means that at low volume, the noise floor of the UTWS3 will be at about 3 or 4uV.
This is the UTWS3's mystery on noise floor optimization. This victory has also been appreciated and recognized by many users. Clearly, the greater advantage of an independent amp chip built-in is driven capacity improvement, distortion and output impedance reduction. If you are a user of UTWS1 and UTWS3, I believe the clearest difference that you can immediately feel between them is the noise floor.
The attached picture is a simple comparison of the internal circuit architecture between the UTWS1 and UTWS3.