You should familiarize yourself with the concept of the carrying capacity of any environment, or maybe some of Malthus' work. As a species, our goal is to reproduce, and eventually we will hit the carrying capacity of Earth. However, technology (most notably, IMO, artificial fertilizers) have allowed us to stretch the limit of the number of human beings that Earth can support. I feel that technology will continue to stretch that boundary, as we will figure out ways to farm areas previously unfarmable (deserts, oceans, etc.). Eventually we will colonize other planets, further increasing the number of people that humanity can support. Technology allows more of us to live longer and better. Technology is a good thing for humanity. That is inarguable.