The headphones are consumer goods. So the value is subjective while the price is objective. Each head-fier will judge if the price is fair individually. It is true for any consumer goods. I do respect (and enjoy) any judgment of anyone.
Well, I do not think a big company like Yamaha can earn significant profit from such expensive and minor products which are certainly sold in much fewer numbers than their cheaper and more popular goods. Though, if their attitude toward price setting matters, we should see the financial status.
Let me check their
report (I found it in Japanese. English version
here). For Yamaha as a group, pianos and other musical instruments are the main product (68% of sales, around 90% of profit in 2021Q2-2022Q1*, Page 10). Sales of AV devices (total) were about 40 billion yen (read from the chart on page 66), which is around 10% of the group. (Similar amount of sales in PA equipment).
Yamaha is first and foremost a piano company. Sales of acoustic pianos are around 60 billion yen (already greater than AV), electric instruments 100 billion yen, wind instruments 40 billion yen, and guitars 30 billion yen.
* Fiscal (and school) year in Japan begins April 1st.
For audio devices, they mention headphones and IEM are growing, as well as meeting solutions for business needs, but no other quantitative information on home AV. In the qualitative statement, they say their new technology "listening care" was praised. We can find a short statement on "sound quality" in the first sentence of the following paragraph, but from the context, I think it is not about high-end audio, but instead more on high-tech features in the price range of a few hundred USD.
" Meanwhile, the Company will seek to accommodate the rise in demand from consumers committed to high sound quality. Yamaha has differentiated its headphones and earphones with its Listening Care function, which delivers superior sound quality while protecting users’ ears. Our AV products, meanwhile, propose accessible ways of enjoying authentic, high-quality, 3D surround sound via wireless devices. We aim to grow sales of products in both of these areas." (Page 67)
We can guess the position of the headphone team in Yamaha from the
youtube video, too. In the video, the product planner Mr. Sato told he worked a lot for consensus building in the company. It means the development of high-end headphones is a new, minor, and perhaps experimental business for them.
Now we can back to the price of headphones. The retail price of YH-5000SE is 450,000 yen (without VAT). Assuming about 10% of merchandising margin, their sales are around 400,000 yen per set (including two pairs of pads, 6.3mm and 4.4mm cables, and a stand). If they can produce and sell 1000 pairs per year, total sales are 400 million yen = 1% of home AV = 0.1% of the group total. However, the production capacity is unknown. If the figure is 100 pairs per year, it is 0.01% of sales of Yamaha.
In addition, there is a Yamaha shop near my home. I found that the price range of acoustic pianos is 300,000 to 2,000,000 yen. YH-5000SE is certainly a very very expensive product as a pair of headphones, but it is still at the cheaper end of the piano price, from the viewpoint of the piano giant.
Conclusion: High-end headphone is, in terms of financial impact, a minor product group for the company. I do not think they have a financial reason to be too greedy with headphones, except for earning money to justify and continue R&D and production of high-end headphones, so that the team persuades the top management of the congromarit.