Most (all?) computer power supplies are cheap switching designs. Higher quality PSUs can make a difference though. Iron_Dreamer reported an increase in sound quality (when he was using an internal soundcard's analog output, a 1212m I think) when he switched from an average quality PSU to a PC Power & Cooling Turbo Cool 510 Deluxe (the best computer PSU available). Almost all "brand-name" computers and most computer cases come with junk power supplies. [See below for an overview of good PSUs.] Power conditioning the incoming power could possibly help (especially on lower-quality PSUs without active PFC). If you believe in power cables (I've never heard an "audiophile" power cable myself, but anything is possible) then one of those may help as well, but the power still has to go through the wires in your computer, through the motherboard, and through the PCI slot before it gets to your soundcard.
Good quality PSUs are not determined by the number of watts they claim they have (most manufacturers claim numbers higher than their PSUs can put out under normal circumstances). A better indicator of PSU quality is the weight and brand-name. Good brands are Fortron (all their PSUs are underrated (watt-wise) and often have the best bang/buck, especially on their higher-wattage models), Antec (their TruePower series is pretty good, though not as beefy as Fortron, they have a large following in the computer modding scene), OCZ (they're a relatively new player, but their PSUs are very high quality, and are rated based on their true power output), ThermalTake (TT isn't as good as most of the others, but most of their high-end PSUs feature active PFC, a form of power conditioning, which may help sound quality), and of course PC Power & Cooling, whoes Turbo Cool 510 Deluxe model is considered to be the best PSU ever made, though it is very loud unless you swap the fan out for something quieter. EDIT: Oh yeah, Seasonic is pretty good, they're well known for their quiet PSUs, which are pretty good quality.