That statement is true as far as it goes but it doesn’t go far enough. It’s partially/largely invalidated by ignoring the question of “from where”? Using your example of an acoustic guitar (but pretty much any other instrument would be the same), the initial transient and harmonic overtones are significantly different a few inches away from the instrument than they will be say 15 feet away. From a more reasonable audience/listener position we have significant air absorption of high freqs, loss of level, details, sounds, overtones due to the inverse square law and the effects of room acoustics absorbing some freqs and reinforcing others. The obvious solution would be to record with a mic 15ft away from the guitar and this would indeed give us an accurate recording of reality (at that location) but in practice it doesn’t work well, for two reasons: Firstly the level will be very low and we’ll incur a lot of noise by raising it to a more reasonable level. Secondly, reality is not what a listener would actually experience! The act of listening to something, say an acoustic guitar, by definition focuses our concentration on hearing that guitar, our perception artificially enhances our perception of the sound of the guitar/reduces our perception of the sound of everything that isn’t the guitar (that we’re not focused on). The result is less reverb (and other sound we’re not focused on) and a clearer sounding guitar than was the actual reality at that location. I’m sure you’ve heard unprocessed recordings made by concert goers on their phones or by amateur recordists? They sound crappy, too much echo/reverb, too much noise and not enough clarity but in some respects these recordings are actually a more accurate recording of reality than professional recordings! Although the mics in mobiles are pretty poor, that was more or less the reality of the sound at that location but it’s significantly different from what we would perceive/experience. In the case of a recording of an unaccompanied acoustic guitar, reality would be a consideration but far from the primary goal, the goal is to create a sort of subjectively idealised perception/experience which is significantly different to the actual reality. In most cases we would mic the guitar both very closely and from a distance, mix the two mics together subjectively, apply some compression and EQ to the close mic to reduce the transients to a more normal (from a greater distance) level and rebalance some of the harmonic content, we’ll also likely reduce some of the sounds/noises we picked up from the close mic/s, finger slides, the guitarist’s breathing, clothes rustles or other extraneous instrument noises.
Yes it would but as described above that’s intentional, deliberately going further away from reality to get closer to what would be ideally perceived/experienced. However, this is only the case in your example of an unaccompanied acoustic guitar and other acoustic music genres. In most recordings (other genres) we’re not only going further away from reality but we’re not even concerned about creating an illusion of an idealised perception/experience, we’re typically creating a purely imagined sound/acoustic environment which not only couldn’t exist in reality but couldn’t be perceived/experienced in reality either. The goal is entertainment/enjoyment, reality or a perception of it is largely or entirely irrelevant.
The process is entirely different but the end result isn’t, which of course is why illusions work, we can’t tell them apart from perception!
G