the one clear problem in the objectivist position

Apr 27, 2025 at 6:50 PM Post #16 of 26
I've talked to several musicians and conductors who believe that analog recordings sound more like live music and get closer to the sound of the instruments in a way that is useful for judging performances. Yet some scientists will disagree. The common objectivist position is to say that the musicians must like the euphonic distortion. I think this is a cop out. The musicians are not stating they prefer the sound, they are stating that the sound is more accurate.
So who are these several musicians and conductors? The majority of classical aficionados much prefer digital reproduction as it more realistically reproduces the sound of musical instruments. Most listeners of classical music do not listen to LPs over a digital release of the same music. And rather than referring to some random individuals as gospel why not at least try and look to see if some peer review quality controlled tests have been done on this subject, such as the one below.

Anyway, as I posted on another thread sometime ago, there is one controlled test of peer review quality published by Geringer and Dunningan (Geringer, J., Dunnigan, P. "Listener Preferences and Perception of Digital versus Analog Live Concert Recordings." Bulletin of the Council for Research in Music Education. 1 Jul. 2000, Number 145: 1-13) when they compared several all analog recordings with digital recordings of live concerts. An excerpt from the paper below:

"Subjects listened to digital and analogue recordings of the same concert performances, recorded unequalised and unmixed (tape and CD). They were able to switch back and forth between the two at will, and everything was double-blinded and level matched. Overall, the digital version was preferred in all ten scoring areas.

The researchers concluded that
results showed that music major listeners rated the digital versions of live concert recordings higher in quality than corresponding analogue versions. Participants gave significantly higher ratings to the digital presentations in bass, treble, and overall quality, as well as separation of the instruments/voices. Higher ratings for the digital versions were generally consistent across various loudspeaker and headphone listening conditions and the four types of performance media."

As for your fidelity/accuracy argument, we are comparing the recording and playback of an electrical signal. It is relatively easy to compare analogue and digital paths on accuracy of recording and playing back that electrical signal through tests such as null testing. Digital is superior to analogue and that is not a subjective argument.
 
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Apr 28, 2025 at 1:21 AM Post #17 of 26
So who are these several musicians and conductors? The majority of classical aficionados much prefer digital reproduction as it more realistically reproduces the sound of musical instruments. Most listeners of classical music do not listen to LPs over a digital release of the same music. And rather than referring to some random individuals as gospel why not at least try and look to see if some peer review quality controlled tests have been done on this subject, such as the one below.
I'm not saying their opinion is "gospel." I've been clear that this matter is subjective. These were musicians associated with Sheffield Lab back in the 80's. I also encountered a conductor in the 2000's who said that vinyl sounded much more like the real thing than CD.

If your about to say my sample is biased... probably! Like I said, the matter is subjective. But you will find many people who say that analog sounds more like live sound than digital. For instance, at one point in the 2010's I was in contact with a bunch of folks in the New Jersey Audio Society who found that to be the case. Maybe there aren't so many on this forum.

And it depends on the quality of the recording and playback, of course. Superb digital will beat lousy analog. In my experience, moderate analog beats even quite elaborate digital rigs.

"Subjects listened to digital and analogue recordings of the same concert performances, recorded unequalised and unmixed (tape and CD). They were able to switch back and forth between the two at will, and everything was double-blinded and level matched. Overall, the digital version was preferred in all ten scoring areas.

The researchers concluded that
results showed that music major listeners rated the digital versions of live concert recordings higher in quality than corresponding analogue versions. Participants gave significantly higher ratings to the digital presentations in bass, treble, and overall quality, as well as separation of the instruments/voices. Higher ratings for the digital versions were generally consistent across various loudspeaker and headphone listening conditions and the four types of performance media."
Often times a scientific study leads to more questions than answers, such as (1) what recording/playback equipment was used and how was it verified to be of sufficient or equivalent quality, and (2) what experience did these "music majors" have with audio reproduction? Also (3) what quality level was the playback system? Having only one study is probably not all that revealing.

In the end, I'm not trying to prove that analog is better for everyone. I've said that the matter of fidelity to an acoustic original is subjective. Perhaps for these music majors under these conditions and training, they found digital preferable.
 
Apr 28, 2025 at 1:59 AM Post #18 of 26
I'm not saying their opinion is "gospel." I've been clear that this matter is subjective. These were musicians associated with Sheffield Lab back in the 80's. I also encountered a conductor in the 2000's who said that vinyl sounded much more like the real thing than CD.

If your about to say my sample is biased... probably! Like I said, the matter is subjective. But you will find many people who say that analog sounds more like live sound than digital. For instance, at one point in the 2010's I was in contact with a bunch of folks in the New Jersey Audio Society who found that to be the case. Maybe there aren't so many on this forum.

And it depends on the quality of the recording and playback, of course. Superb digital will beat lousy analog. In my experience, moderate analog beats even quite elaborate digital rigs.


Often times a scientific study leads to more questions than answers, such as (1) what recording/playback equipment was used and how was it verified to be of sufficient or equivalent quality, and (2) what experience did these "music majors" have with audio reproduction? Also (3) what quality level was the playback system? Having only one study is probably not all that revealing.

In the end, I'm not trying to prove that analog is better for everyone. I've said that the matter of fidelity to an acoustic original is subjective. Perhaps for these music majors under these conditions and training, they found digital preferable.
Well, if you look up the paper those questions and more would be answered. It was a professional controlled study using music majors at a university and this was 25 years ago and peer reviewed. One controlled study is certainly more revealing than a bunch of anecdotes and unverified such and such said this. This is the only peer review study of subjective preferences between identical digital and analogue recordings that I know of and it isn't surprising as it uses a lot of time and expensive resources to conduct such a study to show what logically we already know. I mean you don't see any studies comparing subjective preferences of identical broadcasts of digital and analogue because we know what 90% of people would prefer. Additionally, why is it that the most demanding high fidelity listeners, those of classical music, rejoiced when CDs came out and today, you'd be hard pressed to find any that would prefer an analogue recording (apart from people that you seem to know).

Now lets not get confused with subjective preferences that are not controlled. I certainly may prefer vinyl or an analogue payback of a recording that was mastered better than the digital version and that is where people can get confused as they don't realise they are comparing productions/masterings rather than digital v analogue. That is why that study is far superior to our subjective opinions, because it is a real comparison of digital v analogue rather than variables that have nothing to do with the format.
 
Apr 28, 2025 at 5:56 AM Post #19 of 26
So who are these several musicians and conductors? The majority of classical aficionados much prefer digital reproduction as it more realistically reproduces the sound of musical instruments.
I’ve got an interesting response to this point and an interesting anecdote that links to reliable evidence of my assertions regarding the aims/goals of classical music recording, which also directly refutes the false assertions by @johncarm. But it will have to wait until someone else posts a message after this, as I can’t post two messages in succession and I want to respond to johncarn’s falsehoods first.
I've been clear that this matter is subjective.
And I’ve been clear that just repeating the same falsehood over and over does not eventually make it true and, attempting to do so is unacceptable here. Your assertion is nonsense and not only nonsense but obvious nonsense, given that the definition of fidelity has been provided to you more than once and that when measuring say a DAC, Amp, whatever other component of an audio reproduction system or the reproduction of a master, there is absolutely no subjectivity involved.

Although not certain, considering you apparently don’t know and refuse to accept what “fidelity” means, I’ll tentatively presume you do know what “subjectivity” means, where it’s created and by what. A DAC, amp, CD, LP, etc., do not have a human brain, so they cannot have any subjectivity and therefore there is no subjectivity to measure. When measuring the performance of say a DAC or Amp, the fidelity of the conversion or amplification, we’re obviously measuring the performance of that DAC or Amp, not the subjectivity of you or any other human. How is this not blatantly self evident?
These were musicians associated with Sheffield Lab back in the 80's. I also encountered a conductor in the 2000's who said that vinyl sounded much more like the real thing than CD.
Really, that’s it, don’t you know who/what Sheffield Labs were? You cite the example of arguably the most extremist recording approach in the history of commercial music recording, an approach that was already outdated and superceeded two decades earlier, from a famously digital luddite extremist company, pandering to audiophile myths, who were eventually forced to change their ways but still failed to compete and went out of business anyway? Sheffield Labs were not a shining example to the rest of the recording industry, they were the opposite, a cautionary tale! This, along with someone you encountered in the 2000’s, is the entirely of your sample size? My sample size is some particularly hardcore Amish along with someone I encountered 20 years ago, which is why I”m so confident in asserting that a donkey out performs a Ferrari!
Often times a scientific study leads to more questions than answers, such as (1) what recording/playback equipment was used and how was it verified to be of sufficient or equivalent quality, and (2) what experience did these "music majors" have with audio reproduction? Also (3) what quality level was the playback system? Having only one study is probably not all that revealing.
Hang on; a highly controlled, actual scientific peer reviewed study “leads to more questions than answers” but you accept the uncontrolled, unscientific views/“answers” of some of the most extremist recording audiophiles in history, plus a conductor you encountered 20 years ago, without any question at all? In fact you’re so accepting that you’re even willing to argue it publicly in a science discussion forum! How is that not an extreme example of hypocrisy and, have you never even heard of “Critical thinking”?
I've said that the matter of fidelity to an acoustic original is subjective.
Yes, you have said that but you now know this assertion to be a lie because the term “fidelity” has been explained (and verified) to you and yet here you are deliberately reposting that falsehood/lie yet again. What rational conclusion can there be other than that you’re either just trolling or so entrenched in your delusional beliefs that you simply cannot accept the actual facts or the verified meaning of “fidelity”?

G
 
Apr 28, 2025 at 10:32 AM Post #21 of 26
So who are these several musicians and conductors? The majority of classical aficionados much prefer digital reproduction as it more realistically reproduces the sound of musical instruments.
As there’s been another post, I can respond to this fully. There are some musicians and conductors I’ve known personally who prefer analogue. I worked with Dave Gilmour who famously prefers analogue, which is somewhat understandable given that his instrument almost entirely depends on analogue distortion for its sound quality. Of all musicians, it’s electric guitarists who tend to be the most susceptible to audiophile myths and although it’s still a minority of guitarists, unfortunately Dave is one of them.

Regarding conductors; back in the mid 1990’s I was in Primrose Hill, London at the home of Sir Georg Solti, a friend of my wife. For those who don’t know, he was one of the greatest conductors of his generation, the principle conductor of the Chicago Symphony and was a legendary recording artist, he held the record for the most Grammy wins (31). He originally gained a reputation in the 1950’s as a forward thinker, with edgy, dramatic performances, which is why I was surprised to see an old but very expensive and well maintained turntable and tube amp setup in his sitting room, which was extremely unusual at the time. I don’t recall any other of the numerous musicians and conductors I knew and visited at that time who didn’t use a CD player in preference to a turntable. We had quite a conversation about it, he played it for me and it certainly was the best turntable setup I’d heard. He wasn’t really clear about why he preferred the sound and I’m not sure he knew himself but I got the impression that a large part of it was simply nostalgia. What initially launched Solti as a legendary recording artist was a milestone recording with John Culshaw. John was a pioneer and arguably the most important/influential classical producer in the history of classical music recordings, indeed, many regard him as the “father” of modern classical music production. Given the opportunity with Decca in the late 1950’s he hired the Vienna Phil, with the forward thinking Solti as conductor, to create one of the greatest classical recording masterpieces of all time (of Wagner’s Ring Cycle). What set John apart was his (at that time) pioneering philosophy of what a good recording should be:

In these productions Culshaw put into practice his belief that a properly-made sound recording should create what he called "a theatre of the mind". He disliked live recordings such as those attempted at Bayreuth; to him they were technically flawed and, crucially, were merely sound recordings of a theatrical performance. He sought to make recordings that compensated for the lack of the visual element by subtle production techniques, impossible in live recordings, that conjured up the action in the listener's head.” - Wikipedia.

There’s three important points about this philosophy:
1. Consumers would typically have no idea of “a producer’s philosophy”, not many would even know what a producer does, let alone their philosophy but that’s not true in this case. Culshaw’s philosophy was not only given a name (“Sonic Stage”) but actively marketed by Decca on the LPs.
2. This recording received massive critical acclaim, not only from the specialist aficionado press but across the board from everyone, even the mainstream (such as the BBC, et al.). This alone would influence other engineers/producers to see what the fuss was about and maybe incorporate some aspects of it but what really sealed the deal is what has always driven the entire music recording industry, sales.
3. “To the astonishment and envy of Decca's rivals the set outsold popular music releases such as those of Elvis Presley and Pat Boone.” - Wikipedia. So now, it wasn’t just a case of other engineers/producers thinking that sounds good and got a lot of plaudits I might incorporate some of that, it’s a case of the record label execs telling the producers/engineers, “do it like that!”. An approach was not only born but established as an absolute requirement!

To achieve the goal, John and his pioneering engineer, invented the “Decca tree” with outrigger arrangement of mics and then, the addition of spot mics, so that certain parts could have those “subtle production techniques” applied, to make the recording more dynamic/exciting than the relatively boring “merely sound recordings of a theatrical performance”. Of course, over the decades, other engineers and producers have tried countless different methods and approaches and Culshaw’s mic technique has evolved to what we have currently but the basic philosophy of a classical recording NOT just documenting the sound that existed at a particular location but of enhancing it to something more exciting/dynamic still holds, because nothing else works (or sells!) as well.

These historical (and current) facts of classical music recordings demonstrate the falsehood of @johncarm claims. No one is trying to capture or match a live performance with the recording, we’re trying to do better than that. The exception he mentions is Sheffield Labs, who came up with the marketing idea of using the by then completely defunct pre-Culshaw approach of just a stereo mic in a particular location and no “subtle production techniques, impossible in live recordings” because audiophiles were gullible enough to swallow some marketing BS about supposed “purity”. However, Sheffield Labs eventually switched to the “less pure” multi-micing that everyone else had been using for decades when even they, the foremost/only protagonists, realised it just wasn’t as optimal. Hardly surprising that employing a defunct approach, based on nothing but marketing would end up with a defunct company. It’s an entertainment industry, so it shouldn’t be hard to work out that relatively few are going to favour some abstract marketing notion of purity over better entertainment.
Yeah totally agree
Accuracy with live music is super subjective
As detailed above “accuracy with live music is super” POINTLESS/IRRELEVANT because pretty much no one, since Sheffield Labs stopped making LPs over 30 years ago, even tries to make a recording be accurate with live music/a live event and even then, it was one tiny label out of numerous labels! It’s just an old and persistent audiophile marketing myth, the only subjectivity involved is whether someone is ignorant enough of the historical facts and gullible enough to swallow the marketing.
Measurements help but they don’t tell the whole story
Measurements do tell the whole story but only of what they’re actually measuring. I don’t get why this most obvious and basic of facts apparently can’t be understood by so many audiophiles. The 0-100kph measurement of a car tells us the whole story of the minimum amount of time it takes that car to accelerate from 0-100kph (under standardised conditions). It doesn’t tell us what my grandmother would feel when experiencing that 0-100kph acceleration, it doesn’t tell us if you think the car is more visually appealing and it doesn’t tell us how comfortable we might subjectively decide the car to be. We’re not measuring the perception of a driver or passengers we’re measuring the 0-100kph performance of the car itself, nothing more. Does this mean the 0-100kph measurement is flawed or useless? Is the solution to abandon or ignore this (and other) objective measurements and instead get my grandmother (or an audiophile) to subjectively guess how fast a car accelerates?

Why don’t you try posting that suggestion to a car discussion forum and see what response you get? My guess is that you wouldn’t want to, because you already know what response you’d get but apparently you would post the equivalent here, in a sound science discussion forum, why is that?

G
 
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Apr 29, 2025 at 3:08 AM Post #22 of 26
Culshaw built a stage with a numbered grid on the floor and in the score, the singers had blocking telling them which square they should be standing on at any given time. This created a “sonic stage” with characters entering and exiting and moving around each other. Now most producers do that in the mix, but Culshaw wanted to mic the stage and have the action play out.
 
Apr 29, 2025 at 4:30 AM Post #23 of 26
In Bernstein’s book The Joy of Music he describes how he conducts the opening of Brahms’ first symphony. He talks about striving for a balance between instrumental sections. This is a key to both Brahms’ intentions and Bernstein’s interpretation of them.

Put as many microphones on the orchestra as you like, mix and edit, etc. When we listen to the playback, the balance of instruments should be as Bernstein intends it. I realize that you can adjust balance in the mix to make Bernstein happy; my point is that there's a standard that comes from centuries of live performance.

I’ve heard recordings where there’s no way the reproduction could be as the conductor intended it, such as a recording in which flutes are closed-miked and loud and the entire brass section sounds like it’s 50 feet away at the back of a gymnasium.

Getting balance right is one way of being true to the intentions of the musicians.

There are other qualities that describe both good players and good audio systems: qualities we want to get right in the reproduction.

Microdynamic resolution is one. When I was in music school (as a composition major) I attended many master classes of performance majors, and the teachers often tried to get the students to work on dynamic shading and layering.

When I attend live LA Phil concerts, dynamic shading is one of their masterful skills.

Just as players can be better or worse at dynamic shading, audio systems and recordings can be better or worse at microdynamic resolution.

Use many mics or few, use many takes or few, edit heavily for tonal balance or not, the recording can either get it right or screw up the microdynamic resolution if we want to be true to the intentions of the musicians. In many playback systems or recordings, it’s compromised, usually by getting muddied.

Live performance is where players discover and hone microdynamics. No recording/playback system lives up to that (assuming great players and a great hall) but some come closer than others.
 
Apr 29, 2025 at 7:16 AM Post #24 of 26
Regarding conductors; back in the mid 1990’s I was in Primrose Hill, London at the home of Sir Georg Solti, a friend of my wife.

G
Cool. I believe I have only one recording by Solti, Handel's Messiah (rec. in Chicago, 1984). This was one of the recordings I heard on classic radio in late 90's that got me into Handel (at that time I was a newbie in classical music and exploring it listening to the classic radio a lot!). Another Handel recording I heard at the time I really liked was Nicholas McGegan's Susanna. These long works where played during the night-time. I checked the programming on the newspaper and programmed my Nokia (yes, THAT Nokia) Hi-Fi VHS tape recorder to record these works while I sleep. I had my old Sharp MZ-821 computer* (old technology was robust af) set to provide video signal (black background) for the VHS tape recorder. My collection of classical music CDs grew and after a couple of years I stopped hassling with this ancient technology. Eventually I bought the two Handel recordings mentioned above on CD.

* I still had it in late 90s, because I used it as an alarm clock! It was on 24/7 and I had written a BASIC program that made it give beep sounds from its internal speaker at programmed times. Simply pressing the space key would made it stop beeping in the morning. It was a good alarm clock for years. The only thing it lacked was protection against power outages, but this wasn't a problem because power outages are extremely rare in Helsinki and even if there are outages, it is usually in a small part of Helsinki (local transformer is blown or something like that) so the probability of it hitting me is very very small. I experience a short (say 20 minutes) power outage (affecting my region) hardly once a decade. Sometimes there are necessary work done to the electrical system of the building I live in leading to short outages, but those are informed beforehand and I can prepare for them.
 
Apr 29, 2025 at 8:08 AM Post #25 of 26
In Bernstein’s book The Joy of Music he describes how he conducts the opening of Brahms’ first symphony.
You don’t need to cite his book to me on how he conducts a symphony, he told me himself and I experienced it first hand as a member of a symphony orchestra he conducted.
Put as many microphones on the orchestra as you like, mix and edit, etc. When we listen to the playback, the balance of instruments should be as Bernstein intends it. I realize that you can adjust balance in the mix to make Bernstein happy; my point is that there's a standard that comes from centuries of live performance.
And how did Bernstein intend it, were you there, were you in the mix room when Bernstein commented on and approved the mix? How do you know that Bernstein didn’t intend a mix to sound as it did, rather than as it did at the podium or any other location? In addition, of course there is no standard that comes from centuries of live performance! If there were, there would be no need of a conductor, you’d just need a metronome or flashing light. The reason conductors exist is to implement their personal vision/interpretation of the piece’s performance, NOT some standardised performance. You apparently don’t even know what a conductor does, have never heard/realised there are different interpretations of orchestral pieces and, have no idea of the history of classical music performance. And, that’s before we even get to start discussing the recording of classical music!
I’ve heard recordings where there’s no way the reproduction could be as the conductor intended it …
Then why did the conductor approve the mix? You don’t seem to have any idea of the process of recording classical music but don’t let that stop you from arguing about it!
When I attend live LA Phil concerts, dynamic shading is one of their masterful skills.
Again, I’ve worked with the LA Phil (on a concerto) and there was no dynamic shading. In fact, near the back of the Hollywood Bowl, I couldn’t hear the LA Phil at all, even in the very loudest parts, let alone any “dynamic shading”. That’s why they have a sophisticated delay tower system and obviously, the dynamics are completely defined by the system and the engineers operating it. No where on the whole planet is there a better example of the dramatic differences position/location makes than the LA Phil (at the Hollywood Bowl), so you couldn’t have picked a worse example!
When I was in music school (as a composition major) I attended many master classes of performance majors …
You were a composition major and yet you never learnt what a conductor does? How is that even possible, they taught that in my country to school children studying music, long before anyone attends a music conservertoire or university.
Use many mics or few, use many takes or few, edit heavily for tonal balance or not, the recording can either get it right or screw up the microdynamic resolution if we want to be true to the intentions of the musicians.
Again, you’re going on “the intentions of the musicians” but you don’t know what those intentions were for a particular take/performance and you don’t know whether the musician achieved those intentions. Experienced/Professional classical musicians know that what they hear when playing their instrument is quite different to what an audience will hear in a performance venue and their “intension” will therefore differ from the sound they heard.

In addition: They’re pretty much never perfectly satisfied with their performance, there are details they specifically do not intend the audience to hear, the musicians and/or conductor’s comments and approval of both the recording and mix are part of the classical music recording process, the approach of recording classical music is a matter of historical fact (cited previously) and, you’re yet again ignoring the fact that musicians and conductors are typically far more interested in whether the recording sounds subjectively good than whether it’s identical to the acoustic event or even their original intent. And lastly, it is also false to assert a “recording can either get it right or screw up the microdynamic resolution”, that is a false dichotomy you’ve just invented. There’s actually a third option, the one that’s virtually always employed!

You are trying to defend your (false) assertion of matching a recording with an original acoustic event, contrary to the historical facts, with no supporting reliable evidence and based only on ignorance (and marketing), as you don’t know either the process/approach of recording or the intentions of anyone involved; the musicians, conductor, engineers or producer!
Live performance is where players discover and hone microdynamics.
No it’s not, the practice/rehearsal room “is where players discover and hone” their phrasing and dynamics. This is irrelevant to the topic under discussion but you can’t even get this basic fact right. Again, why are you arguing about things you clearly know nothing about, in a science discussion forum and when you don’t know who you’re arguing with?

G
 
Apr 29, 2025 at 10:10 AM Post #26 of 26
...,they taught that [what a conductor does] in my country to school children studying music, long before anyone attends a music conservertoire or universite.

G
It is possible I was taught this in school, but if that happened I didn't learn anything because I wasn't interested. Even in my early twenties I thought classical music is an obsolete form of music too old for "modern" ears. Why learn and be interested in obsolete things? I was 25-26 years old when I actually got interested of classical music and understood there is nothing obsolete about it. In fact, classical music helped me a lot in appreciating history and to understand art doesn't become obsolete.
 

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