Sony Walkman Audio Technology & User Resource Guide
Aug 26, 2020 at 3:45 PM Thread Starter Post #1 of 5

Sonywalkmanuser

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This thread's main focus is on explaining the technology behind the Modern Sony Digital Audio Walkman.
It also will contain helpful information on how to adjust the sound settings inside your Walkman to suit your listening preferences.
This will also serve as all in one thread to index websites, videos or useful posts on the Sony Walkman.

Please kindly wait as information will be updated on this thread over time.
 
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Aug 26, 2020 at 3:45 PM Post #2 of 5
Why Sony Walkman is different from other portable music players and it's advantages and disadvantages:

How Sony does the digital to analog conversion is different from other daps that rely on semiconductor dac chips from Analog Devices, Asahi Kasei Microdevices, ESS, Texas Instruments or Cirrus Logic to do the "dirty work".

Sony does all in one digital signal processing, digital to analog conversion, digital volume control and class D amplification completely within their S-Master HX chip. This technology is Sony proprietary(only on sony devices).

It has the advantage of high quality sound as all the processing and conversion is done in a single chip which reduces electrical interferences and jitter.

It also has the advantage of lower power consumption and lower heat output as compared to other digital audio player that rely on discrete dacs and external amplifications chips.

The disadvantage is the power output of the amplification limited to 250mW for WM1 series and 200mW for ZX507/A105 on balanced due to the limitations of semiconductor technology.


For those interested in how S-Master works in depth, I have attached the PDF manual from Sony which explains the technical side.

This is for the older S-Master Pro chip, the newer S-Master HX is a portable evolution of the older chip with much higher internal oversampling and native DSD support.
 

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Aug 26, 2020 at 3:46 PM Post #3 of 5
Sony DSP Settings Guide:

Vocals and instruments feel more expansive with natural sounding reverberations and timbre
Drum beats have more impact and slam
Strings feels more airy and more further away
Cymbals has more decay and hits harder
Guitar feels more airy with more twangy
Piano has better tonality with more decay
Music becomes more present and engaging to listen to, no more boring sounding compressed music.

DC Phase Linearizer:

Difference between Type A and Type B:

Type A makes bass sounded more upfront with the focus placed on the initial bass impact. Bass notes has a more 'thud' like sound.

I would recommend using Type A for Balanced Armature IEMs and for those who like impactful sounding bass notes. Some Dynamic driver headphones with more laid back bass response like the HD800 also works great with Type A.

Type B makes bass sound more background with the focus placed on bass decay. Bass notes has a more 'dunn' like sound.

I would recommend using Type B for most dynamic drivers as it helps to tame the bass impacts from overwhelming the entire sound spectrum. If you like to hear your singer's voice more in focus, use Type B.

As for Low, Standard and High:

Low places bass emphasis towards stronger sub-bass notes.

Standard places bass emphasis to stronger mid-bass notes.

High shifts bass notes further to stronger upper bass notes.

My recommendation:
Use low if you don't want any bass coloration into the mids/vocals. Or if you like more sub-bass in your music.

Standard allows abit of bass coloration into the lower mids. This mode is recommended for best compatibility with most music type.

High if you want more bass coloration into the vocals making the vocals more manly/husky.

And also you can switch off DC Phase Linearizer completely if you don't want any additional bass boost.

Standard: adds effects of Arm Resonance, Turntable and Surface Noise.

Arm Resonance: bass notes is slower but stronger, cymbals is more splashy.

Turntable: vocal is placed slightly more forward, smoothens the sound abit.

Surface Noise: applies a very soft random dither like noise, reduces treble edginess.
 
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Aug 26, 2020 at 3:47 PM Post #4 of 5
Tips & Tricks, Tweaks and Modding Resource :

Sony ZX500, A100 Tweaks and Optimization Guide

Custom Sony Walkman firmware by MrWalkman (NW-A40, NW-ZX300, NW-WM1/A)

As far as we know, there is no way to get rid of the volume cap on Sony Android players. For non android, like the ZX300, WM1A/Z, etc., the volume cap is well understood, and can be disabled using the Rockbox tool. https://www.rockbox.org/wiki/SonyNWDestTool
There is also a list of what models the tool can change. The z505/507 is unfortunately android based, and there is no known method of disabling the volume cap, which is on the EU machines only. So the advice is to not buy the EU models, if you do not want the volume cap. (and most people do not want it)

This is the list for Sony machines:
This tool allows one to change the destination and sound pressure regulation settings of the Sony players that run linux. Codenames in the following table correspond to the SonyNW page
Note: Android devices (NWZ-ZX1, NW-ZX2 etc...) are not supported!
If your player is not in this list, help us.
If the list below says "No (never)" it means your device cannot be supported because this feature is not supported by your device.



SeriescodenameStatusComment
NWZ-A10nwz-a10
DONE
Works
NW-A20nw-a20
DONE
Works
NW-A30nw-a30
DONE
Works
NW-A40nw-a40
DONE
Works
NW-A50nw-a50
DONE
Works
NWZ-A810nwz-a810
DONE
Works
NWZ-A840nwz-a840
DONE
Works
NWZ-A850nwz-a850
DONE
Works
NWZ-A860nwz-a860
DONE
Works
NWZ-E360
choice-no
No (never)
NWZ-E370
choice-no
No (never)
NWZ-E380
choice-no
No (never)
NWZ-E390
choice-no
No (never)
NWZ-E440
choice-no
No (never)
NWZ-E450nwz-e450
DONE
Works
NWZ-E460nwz-e460
DONE
Works
NWZ-E470nwz-e470
DONE
Works
NWZ-E580nwz-e580
DONE
Works
NW-WM1nw-wm1
DONE
Works
NW-ZX1
choice-no
No (never)
NW-ZX2
choice-no
No (never)
NW-ZX100nw-zx100
DONE
Works
NW-ZX300nw-zx300
DONE
Works
NW-ZX300Anw-zx300
DONE
Works
NWZ-S750nwz-s750
DONE
Works
NWZ-W270
choice-no
No (never)
 
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Aug 26, 2020 at 4:05 PM Post #5 of 5
Useful Links and Reviews:

exclusive-intereview-sony-meet-engineers-how-to-become-streaming-walkman_05.jpg

Meet Sony Walkman Engineers(ZX500/A100) Video
Meet Sony Walkman Engineers(ZX500/A100) Article

Sony ZX507 Mandarin Video Review by 陳寗 NingSelect

Sony A100 Video Review by Artform Insights!

Sony NW-WM1Z & NW-WM1A Video Review by PMR Reviews

Sony Walkman NW-A55 Video Review by Samma3a

Sony NW-A105 Video Review by Super* Review

Sony NW-A105 / NW-ZX507 Video Review by Minidisc Australia

Video Comparison: Sony NW-ZX300 vs Fiio M11 vs Astell & Kern SR15 By Minidisc Australia

Sony Technical Feature on DSEE HX AI

Sony Vinyl Processor Development Article

Sony WM1 Project Development Article

Sony ZX507 Project Development Article

Just for those interested in the S-Master HX inside the WM1, ZX300, ZX507:

The S-Master HX chip actually has 6 channels output.

  • 4 channels is used for the balance output, and 2 is used for the single ended.

It was mentioned in this video:


Thanks to @nanaholic for translating the video
The people in the video from left to right:
Sato Hiroaki - Walkman lead sound engineer
Matsuzaki-san - Walkman electrical design and sound engineer
Pierre Nakano - Drummer of band "Rin Toshite Shigure"
e-earphone staff (he didn't mention his name)

Note: I picked out the parts where they talk specifically about the hardware of the ZX-507, leaving out discussion of stuff like streaming service (where they plug Sony's own hi-res Mora qualitas service), or Bluetooth headphone discussion regarding the choice of being able to control volume on the device rather than sending a straight signal to the Bluetooth headphone

* Pierre Nakano says his current earphone of choice is the IER-Z1R (side note: I've met Pierre-san before at a Just ear owner's secret meeting - needless to say, he is a Just ear owner and is a huge audiophile)
* Sato-san and Matsuzaki-san (with some egging on by Pierre-san) said they use songs by the famous female group Perfume as testing song when making Walkmans, because their songs are hard to reproduce faithfully as it puts a lot of strain on the power delivery of the system, without a stable and strong power delivery circuit it won't be able to get the deep bass (down to 30Hz) and the snappy kick drums attacks out of their songs
* Using Android needs a fast CPU, and the fast clock of the CPU generates much more noise inside the device, so they installed a full copper shield milled from a thick slab of solid copper around the digital circuitry. In the ZX-300 a similar shield was installed but it was pressed from thin sheet copper which had gaps in it, so the shielding in the ZX-507 is vastly increased.
* completely separate analog and digital circuitry - even the power is completely separated first before powering the components
* S-Master HX actually has 6 channels - 4 is used for the balance output, and 2 is used for the single end, and as we know the capacitors used for the two outputs are different
* They mentioned you can use DSEE HX and the Equalizer when watching video on the ZX-507 (so I'm taking that to mean the upsampling and equalizer is system wide)
* Moving the charging port to the side was the ensure the wireless antenna at the bottom of the device would not be obstructed to ensure best wireless connection performance. Whereas the height position of that port in relationship to the side of the device was taking into account the best wire routing for the battery circuitry as the device is being charged with USB to have the least interference during playback
* The balance output uses the same capacitors as those found in the DMP-Z1
* All the components for the single end circuitry must be confined within a height of 2mm, they still managed to double the capacity of the capacitors used in it compared to those used in the ZX-300 for an improved low end performance
* They use their gold-infused solder which was used in the DMP-Z1, and the formula was Sony developed. Also many of the soldering in the Walkman for certain components like the headphone jacks, connectors, and battery is still done by hand and they try to avoid soldering the connecting pins on the parts directly onto the board as much as possible (note: this is because if you solder parts like the headphone jack directly onto the board using the package pins, they have no give which when dropped will snap and break, the floating connection is what Sony use to introduce tolerance for shock absorption)
* The material used for the PCB was especially selected for its performance on being able to handle high frequency signals which is not usually used in audio products
* they make lots of prototypes with each only changing a part of the system to analyse what effect the change has, before bring everything together
* as we know the recommended burn-in time for the capacitors in the Walkman is 200 hours, they actually play the prototypes normally with normal music connected to normal headphones at each point when testing for the changes, and don't use any special "burn-in" device to speed up the process nor use burn-in signals like wave/noise tones

if you read through the translation, it shows the amount of design attention for sound quality that the Sony Engineers have, even down to the positioning of the USB port.
 
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