About the trimmers - it may be that you haven't turned them enough, but you will notice a definite change if its working. Put your meter where you're measuring tenths of a volt and you will see the difference. If the heater is not on, or the plates are not conducting (bad tube socket/pins), then it won't change - period.
As for turning the trimmers, some say you will feel a detent or a small click - I've never had that happen for me. Instead, the ones I've had you can turn forever - once they hit max in one direction, you can still turn them. However, they reset if you start turning them the other way.
The 72 Volts is another sign of this. It should be lower if the tube is under load. The 11.75 on your 12V regs is fine. I don't know why, but those 78**/79** are always a tad low than advertised. (probably another reason to go with 15V reg's)
One might want to see your transformer connections, but I think the 72V is exactly what you get if the tube is not in (or conducting). What about your heater votage - 12.6V? Does that check out?