There is no hard and fast way of getting foobar set-up, just that there are a crazy amount of options available. First of all don't read any posts on setting up foobar that are more than about 18 months old, foobar has changed a bit since then, much easier to set up.
As a starter download the latest version and install it, and select ''album list and properties (tabbed)", you can change it later if you want. It will probably look uninviting at first but that's due to not having any music. Go to File>Preferences>Media Library and add some music. Also good components to install can include:
foo_albumlist.dll (included in the download now I think)
foo_discogs.dll
foo_quicktag.dll (both taggers, forgotten which one's best)
foo_fileops.dll (file operations, delete, move, copy, rename)
foo_dop.dll (for an ipod)
foo_playcount.dll (playback statistics if you want them)
foo_out_wasapi.dll (good sound)
In the preferences window check the box at the bottom of the media library page marked 'library viewer selection enabled'. That should get you a working and good sounding version which you can play around with later. After that colours and fonts are in prefernces.
I might have missed something out though.
Edit:
Should add, most components are here:
http://www.foobar2000.org/components
When it's set-up go to file>preferences>playback>output, and select wasapi: your soundcard as your output device and the appropriate sampling rate (as high as is recognised, probably 16-bit)