My advice would be to get an portable external amplifier for your headphones while on the go. The reason why your headphones sounded much louder and clearer from your computer is that your computer has the ability to put much more power out of the headphone jack than your portable device. A portable amplifier carries electrical charge inside a battery that can be used to make the signal coming to your headphones much more powerful.
http://www.headphone.com/learning-center/how-do-i-know-if-my-headphones-need-an-amp.php
As for suggestions towards a portable amplifier, I would recommend the following devices to get you started;
Fiio E1 - very compact and cheap, sports integrated controls for your Apple devices, but not all that fantastic in terms of sound quality or amplification power, and can't be used with anything else but an Apple device:
http://www.fiio.com.cn/products/index.aspx?ID=100000039485255&MenuID=105026001
http://www.amazon.com/Portable-Headphone-Amplifier-Booster-Control/dp/B004BOA6SM/ref=sr_1_1?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1377046395&sr=1-1&keywords=fiio+e1
Fiio E11 - much larger, more powerful, and all-around much higher quality than the Fiio E1. It doesn't sport inline Apple controls, and you'll need a line-out cable (bypassing the portable amplifier inside your Apple device, so you're not amplifying the same signal twice, which greatly reduces quality) in order to use it to its fullest extent (they're cheap):
http://www.fiio.com.cn/products/index.aspx?ID=100000038781911&MenuID=105026001
http://www.amazon.com/FiiO-E11-Portable-Headphone-Amplifier/dp/B0053KWDES
And for the line-out cable, this one will work best with the E11:
http://www.amazon.com/FiiO-L3-Line-Cable-iPhone/dp/B003UCESP8/ref=sr_1_5?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1377046993&sr=1-5&keywords=fiio+cable