24bit vs 16bit, the myth exploded!

Jun 10, 2023 at 3:30 AM Post #6,556 of 7,175
You want to test the audibility of oversampling, start by trying to reduce the unknown variables. Take a file, oversample it with some method, downsample it back and do an ABX in foobar against the original at the same resolution. Everything else will be the same, and you have twice the resampling done to the file. If you get a clear difference, it might be worth it to check if there are extra options that aren't actually resampling and disable them. If nothing like that exists, then it might be a great idea to never use that resampling tool again.
would someone be willing to provide two such testfiles? without telling which file is which and i post my results?

maybe even 2 sets... one with fairly bad resampling quality (but what is still considered "inaudible") and one set with high resampling quality
 
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Jun 10, 2023 at 7:12 AM Post #6,557 of 7,175
if resampling utilizes the same anti image filter as the dac would then resampling can change its "sound signature" too, just like the anti image filter of the dac
Resampling uses the same types of filters with the same filter requirements and obviously there are many different individual filter designs/variations. So “yes”, the different filters do change the “sound signature” (FR, phase and/or “ringing characteristics”) but NOT audibly so in most cases. It’s only in pathological cases where there’s an audible difference and such filters can justifiably be considered “faulty”, as already mentioned!
because they were still happy with it
So you’re saying that because we’re “still happy with it” the EQ plugin we’ve apparently subconsciously inserted and adjusted (to compensate for filter “flavour”) is invisible/can’t be seen? That doesn’t make any sense, how does a plugin become invisible and how would we adjust it (even subconsciously) if it were invisible? We’re “still happy with it”, even after numerous resampling applications, because it’s not audible and there is nothing to compensate for!
how would you test it? disable or enable it... in my case in camillaDSP and pipewire
And which DACs allow you to disable oversampling? All DACs resample/oversample (with the exception of NOS DACs). If you are disabling oversampling/resampling in say CamillaDSP, you are NOT disabling resampling/oversampling, your DAC is still oversampling (assuming you’re not using a silly NOS DAC)! What you are disabling (in say CamillaDSP) is an additional/intermediate sampling step. So in the case of say a 44.1kHz input file, either CamillaDSP is implementing a 22.05kHz filter or you DAC is, there is no way to disable it (unless you’re using a NOS DAC of course), you’re just changing where that filter is being implemented.
jitter/phasenoise for example
There is no audible jitter, even the DACs in cheap consumer devices from 25-30 years ago had “jitter/phasenoise” a hundred or more times below audibility.
kinda dumb to check something that is "completely" irrelevant tho
But it’s not completely irrelevant, it might be irrelevant to consumer playback but not to engineers. We need to know the performance of say a DAC, even though artefacts are inaudible and therefore completely irrelevant to consumers, because certain workflows can require the mix (or parts of the mix) to pass through a DAC multiple times, thereby multiplying the artefacts.
well "imagination" stops for me when i can switch back and forth and the heared difference are identical...
How does it stop? Do you have a switch bolted to your skull so you can deactivate the parts of your brain that create “imagination”?
yes, the first one
As you obviously cannot switch off your “imagination” and you have not done controlled testing (which eliminates cognitive biases) then you cannot know and again, “if you don’t know, then isn’t asserting you heard a difference dishonest?”!
this is BS.... if i change something and it stays for weeks exactly the same till i change something else than this isnt "perceptual bias", shouldnt bias of any kind change day over day?
Why? If everything “stays for weeks exactly the same”, including your knowledge/experience, belief and cognitive bias (expectation and others), then why would your brain ever calculate a different result, let alone “change day over day”? Some perceptual errors stay with us our entire lives (the stereo illusion for example) others are affected by cognitive bias and those can of course change with knowledge, experience and beliefs, sometimes over the course of years and sometimes just minutes.
i dont think that your brain saves some sort of "setting" ....
Then how are you writing your posts? If your brain does not “save the setting” of say the rules of language (grammar and spelling etc.) then how could you ever communicate with anyone? Surely you’re not claiming you have no memory? When you listen to one of your favourite recordings, do you honestly have no recollection of ever having heard it before?
no one said something about the fact that ESS writes in their own manual that "filters can change the sound signature"
Yes I did, in fact I devoted a lengthy paragraph to it and you quoted some of it!
well if there is a audible difference AND it can be measured then we should question the audiblity :)
Why?

G
 
Jun 11, 2023 at 4:20 AM Post #6,558 of 7,175
this test is really interesting, i wanna see more such tests! https://archimago.blogspot.com/2015/07/the-linear-vs-minimum-phase-upsampling.html
i found it while searching about SOX minimal phase vs linear phase "feature" because i was kinda surprised of the phaseshift (https://src.infinitewave.ca/?Top=Pipewire_Q14&Bot=SoX14_VHQ_MP&Spec=0144) as you see the phaseshift starts at around 2khz and is at -180° at 14khz,
With a minimum phase filter either you start the transition band at a much lower frequency (and have a much wider transition band) or you will have serious phase issues. What’s unusual in this case is that minimum phase filters are rare (in this application) but when you do find them, they rarely (if ever) sacrifice phase at such a low frequency.
i wonder if the minimum phase filters of any dac have that huge of a phase shift?
Minimum phase filters should never be used in a DAC, except potentially for higher sampling rates where we can have a wide transition band that starts beyond the threshold of audibility. I’ve personally never seen a minimum phase filter implemented in a DAC that sacrifices phase at such a low freq for such a narrow transition band and there are almost no DACs that implement a minimum phase filter in the first place (except as a non-default switchable option). You don’t even find a minimum phase filter option in most DAW software, they just have a typical, near ideal linear phase filter built-in. Even in specialist resampling software it’s very rare to find a minimum phase option with phase issues starting at such a low frequency.
it isnt really conclusive after all (since this is highly subjective...) but there are 2-3 somewhat conclusive results in the test made which is kinda interesting and it shows atleast a slight tendency in some areas
It’s interesting from the point of view that here we have a pair of anti-image filters, one with a relatively massive phase artefact (well within the audible spectrum), and the other with a relatively massive amount/duration of pre-ringing, yet a high proportion of test subjects thought the difference was minimal or non-existent and virtually none of the analysis demonstrated statistical significance! Besides this, the study doesn’t really tell us anything, unless you’re specifically using the SoX software with these highly unusual filter designs.
but for me this also kinda shows that with subjective stuff like this you will probably never get conclusive results for any study made about this …
Firstly, the quoted archimago study was a preference study, not a threshold study. But even with preference studies, it is sometimes possible to get fairly conclusive results. However, you need large sample sizes and although quite conclusive, they don’t provide a precise result, they provide an average or a range.

G
 
Jun 24, 2023 at 2:46 AM Post #6,559 of 7,175
And which DACs allow you to disable oversampling? All DACs resample/oversample (with the exception of NOS DACs). If you are disabling oversampling/resampling in say CamillaDSP, you are NOT disabling resampling/oversampling, your DAC is still oversampling (assuming you’re not using a silly NOS DAC)! What you are disabling (in say CamillaDSP) is an additional/intermediate sampling step. So in the case of say a 44.1kHz input file, either CamillaDSP is implementing a 22.05kHz filter or you DAC is, there is no way to disable it (unless you’re using a NOS DAC of course), you’re just changing where that filter is being implemented.
well i would really like to solve the mystery but i can only guess here what seems most logical, the anti-image filter of the dac is worse then the ones implemented by software resampling and thats why i prefer resampling in camilladsp/pipwire with highest quality settings, even if it adds another "reconstruction step"

There is no audible jitter, even the DACs in cheap consumer devices from 25-30 years ago had “jitter/phasenoise” a hundred or more times below audibility.
well i just tried recently with the ian canada hat, i bought a accusilicon clock instead of the stock NDK one, there was a audible difference/improvement

(i actually choose to just buy one clock, the 44,1k family one since it performs better then the 48khz equavalant, and since i resample i just need one clock, so im currently resampling to 176,4khz, which should also make the resampling easier since most of music is 44,1khz

Why? If everything “stays for weeks exactly the same”, including your knowledge/experience, belief and cognitive bias (expectation and others), then why would your brain ever calculate a different result, let alone “change day over day”? Some perceptual errors stay with us our entire lives (the stereo illusion for example) others are affected by cognitive bias and those can of course change with knowledge, experience and beliefs, sometimes over the course of years and sometimes just minutes.
well, if we account for emotions etc atleast in theory it should be somewhat random how we perceive sound, and to some degree this is true but not to the degree where its "completely random" imo


Tho, another thing i figured out (or atleast question it):
i got me some cd rips (with eac log files) from "questionable" sources (just to test things tho)... and i actually prefer the cd rips over streaming for most songs, they sound quite different (mostly pre 2010 stuff) so i can just guess that they are different masters , i would also say it sound most of the time like streaming services actually got more "loudness war" tuned tracks compared to the CD`s i tested

which is kinda funny imo, why noone speaks about this? imo the difference is not really subtle and i think i actually prefer CD`s for the most part
tho i havent compared 24bit vs cd but deezer cd quality vs cd rips, 24bit songs from qobuz seem to be closer to the cd rips for the most part i would say
 
Jun 24, 2023 at 3:01 AM Post #6,560 of 7,175
I don't think you're properly eliminating the possibility of bias and perceptual error. Your guesses are just guesses and your sloppiness in comparisons is being skewed to the direction that validates your baseless guess. I don't think it proves anything at all because... well... I don't think your guesses are grounded in anything real. I don't think you really understand how these things work. It's an interesting guess though.
 
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Jun 24, 2023 at 7:23 AM Post #6,561 of 7,175
[1] well i would really like to solve the mystery but [2] i can only guess here what seems most logical, [3] the anti-image filter of the dac is worse then the ones implemented by software resampling and thats why i prefer resampling in camilladsp/pipwire with highest quality settings, even if it adds another "reconstruction step"
1. What mystery are you trying to solve? If you’re talking about the mystery of why you’re perceiving something which shouldn’t be anywhere near audible, then there’s a test specifically designed for exactly this (a DBT). So if you “would really like to solve the mystery” then the obvious thing to do would be to use that test. If you don’t, then you obviously do not really want to solve the mystery!

2. But that is not the most logical guess, it’s the exact opposite, the least logical guess! All humans suffer from cognitive biases and perceptual errors. In fact, music and sound recording/production relies on this fact. On the other side of the coin, properly designed anti-image filters have been around for 30 years or more, the artefacts are inaudible and this is also confirmed by no one being able to identify different properly designed anti-image filters under controlled testing. So what’s a more logical guess, that you’re a human being (and therefore broadly the same as other human beings) or that you’re different to all other human beings?

3. How is the anti-image filter of the DAC worse? Again, anti-image filters in DACs were audibly perfect decades ago and since then DSP power and capability has improved significantly, not got worse. So how can you get better than audibly perfect? You can get “better” on paper (but not audibly better of course) or you can get deliberately worse, say with no filter at all or with a filter deliberately designed to affect the audible spectrum.
well i just tried recently with the ian canada hat, i bought a accusilicon clock instead of the stock NDK one, there was a audible difference/improvement
There’s only two options: Either there was an audible improvement, in which case the DAC you’re fitting it to must have been broken/faulty, or there was not an audible difference and you’re just imagining a difference/improvement. The logical guess would be the latter, as a DAC broken/faulty in this way is extremely unlikely.
since i resample i just need one clock, so im currently resampling to 176,4khz, which should also make the resampling easier since most of music is 44,1khz
Resampling to 176.4 in your computer and then resampling again in your DAC does not make resampling easier, it makes it more complex. And, whatever you do, you only need one highly accurate clock (clock signal) in the DAC and as far as I’m aware, all DACs do.
well, if we account for emotions etc atleast in theory it should be somewhat random how we perceive sound, and to some degree this is true but not to the degree where its "completely random" imo
Exactly my point, “if we account for emotions” then obviously they can change, as obviously so will knowledge and experience, therefore everything is not the same and our cognitive biases and perception can change! What it changes into is obviously not “completely random” we don’t suddenly or gradually stop hearing music or sound and instead just hear noise.

G
 
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Jun 24, 2023 at 10:50 AM Post #6,562 of 7,175
well i was planning to create some files with @VNandor for a DBT, i guess before that arguing with you guys doesnt matter anyway,
tho i still think DBT actually makes things worse to perceive but thats just my opinion

i switched recently from directly connected usb to a DDC (ian canada transportpi digi) and the difference is quite huge, more then what resampling can do for sure, where the usual opinion of objectivists is " yea sounds the same ", it feels even dumb to argue over such easy perceivable changes to be honest

IMO the best thing to share the differences are sound demos on youtube... its far from perfect but you can still hear the difference, which i might start doing at some point
 
Jun 24, 2023 at 11:09 AM Post #6,563 of 7,175
And, whatever you do, you only need one highly accurate clock (clock signal) in the DAC and as far as I’m aware, all DACs do.
https://msbtechnology.com/dacs/clock-options/
This suggests that their DACs use different clocks for converting the 44.1kHz sample rate signals compared to the 48kHz sample rate signals (and their respective multiples). Audiophile DACs bringing in some "ground breaking" innovation as usual.
 
Jun 24, 2023 at 11:31 AM Post #6,564 of 7,175
i think the 2 family clocks are somewhat common with ESS/XMOS dac chips, this is not something just exclusive to "high end" stuff, you may not need them since the ESS dac chips also need a other clock to function and can maybe derive the two other clocks from this one clock but i think many manufactures use the 2 clock family`s approach already
well it might be less common with low budget dacs under 100-200€
 
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Jun 24, 2023 at 1:16 PM Post #6,565 of 7,175
This suggests that their DACs use different clocks for converting the 44.1kHz sample rate signals compared to the 48kHz sample rate signals (and their respective multiples).
Yep, there’s more than one way to skin a cat. Different DAC chip manufacturers do it differently, some require a 24mHz clock and derive the oversampled rates from that. I seem to remember that Analog Device chips used a variable rate clock (or did at one time) others allow two different clock input rates. As far as I’m aware you do not NEED more than 1 clock.

I’m not sure if using the 2 clock method is technically better or just marketing BS and actually worse, in either case it’s academic though because none of the different methods are bad enough to produce artefacts anywhere near audibility.

G
 
Jun 24, 2023 at 3:41 PM Post #6,567 of 7,175
...some require a 24mHz clock...

G
I think I have seen you do this more than once (not just an innocent typo): "mHz" means "millihertz." Hence 24 mHz = 0.024 Hz. Megahertz on the other hand is written MHz. Sure, the context tells us here that it can't be milli-, but it is good to be careful, especially when you are one of the authority figures here people know to take seriously (often for a good reason).

Metric prefix
 
Jun 24, 2023 at 7:36 PM Post #6,568 of 7,175
And as the Wiki touches upon when it comes to digital storage/transmission: 8 bits = 1 byte (originally intended as encoding for forming a character, and is considered smallest addressable unit of memory within the PC era). Storage is often expressed in number of bytes, while data transmission is number of bits per second (so my internet provider charges my speed tier as 1Gbps: 125MBps).
 
Jul 10, 2023 at 6:48 AM Post #6,569 of 7,175
Just noticed this paragraph, it’s worth a comment because it exemplifies a situation we encounter commonly in the audiophile world, including the original topic of this thread:
i switched recently from directly connected usb to a DDC (ian canada transportpi digi) and the difference is quite huge, more then what resampling can do for sure, where the usual opinion of objectivists is " yea sounds the same ", it feels even dumb to argue over such easy perceivable changes to be honest
It is indeed “dumb”! Unfortunately, most audiophiles clearly don’t realise that it’s them who are on the “dumb” side of the argument. They are not entirely to blame, as there are significant financial incentives to keep them on the dumb side of the argument, although a little critical thought would often be enough to see through this false marketing. There is more than one avenue to address the quoted claims:

1. Wouldn’t you say that the difference between a sound/instrument panned (positioned within the stereo sound field) to say the hard left and panned to the centre position is also “such an easily perceivable change”? And yet there is no centre position in a 2 channel stereo system, there’s only hard left and/or hard right. So unless you believe an invisible speaker (or earphone) magically exists between the left and right speakers (or earphones), then you have to accept that this “easily perceived difference/change” doesn’t actually exist and is just an invention/illusion created by human perception. This is just one of several examples that have been well known, extensively demonstrated, studied and employed, in some cases for well over a century, which prove beyond doubt that “easily perceived differences” absolutely do justify being questioned and in fact it’s “dumb” not to!!

2. Another myth sold to gullible audiophiles is effectively that digital audio doesn’t really exist, it is in fact some sort of analogue audio and therefore subject to the rules/laws, constraints and issues of analogue audio. Of course this is ridiculous, it ignores the proven math/science, the facts which are demonstrated in practice billions of times a day and the reason why digital was invented in the first place. Analogue audio is called analogue audio because it’s an electrical signal with properties that are analogous to sound waves. So EVERY part of the recording, production, storage and reproduction chain which changes that analogue signal will result in a corresponding change in the sound reproduced (assuming the change is great enough to be reproduced). Digital audio is not analogue audio though, changes in the digital signal, even massive changes can have no effect at all on the reproduced sound, which is why it was invented. Take your example of USB (which also applies to Ethernet): The digital signal output by an ADC when captured and required by a DAC to reconstruct is a series of samples precisely timed 0.00002268 seconds apart (in the case of 44.1kHz sampling rate). However, the timing between samples with USB, ethernet or any other asynchronous protocol is never 22.68 microseconds. Between some samples it would be hundreds of times less than 22.68 microseconds and between others it would be several seconds. If it were an analogue signal, the reproduced sound would be numerous short bursts of music playing roughly 3,000 times faster than intended (in the case of USB3) separated by seconds of silence. Clearly that’s never what’s actually reproduced and therefore obviously, even absolutely massive differences upstream of the DAC conversion don’t necessarily have any effect at all. Again, that’s unlike analogue audio and is the reason digital audio was invented in the first place! The difference between “directly connected USB and USB through a DDC” (converted to say SPDIF) is actually more than “quite huge” but the difference in what the DAC actually outputs and therefore the sound reproduced is absolutely nothing at all or at most, some minuscule, inaudible difference. Unless of course your DDC or DAC is broken/faulty.

G
 
Jul 10, 2023 at 8:27 AM Post #6,570 of 7,175
1. Wouldn’t you say that the difference between a sound/instrument panned (positioned within the stereo sound field) to say the hard left and panned to the centre position is also “such an easily perceivable change”? And yet there is no centre position in a 2 channel stereo system, there’s only hard left and/or hard right. So unless you believe an invisible speaker (or earphone) magically exists between the left and right speakers (or earphones), then you have to accept that this “easily perceived difference/change” doesn’t actually exist and is just an invention/illusion created by human perception.

G
Or rather only two speakers typically at ±30° angle to the listener or perhaps headphones... The terms "hard left" and "hard right" are for the stereophonic signal and in that world there's of course a lot more than only "hard left" and/or "hard right." For example 75 % left and 22 % right. Just trying to make distinction between the properties of stereophonic signal and the physical properties of the sound reproduction systems.
 

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