I think for the most analogue sound the Hifiman 802 would be the strongest contender, and they are very cheap second hand. I haven't tried it myself though. I've heard it also has a very prominent lower end if you still like bass
I think the Lotoo Paw Gold should be one of the best sounding daps available, definitely better than the 901. But they are indeed pricey even second hand. You can get a 901 for around $600 with a good card I think. But it doesn't have a large stage per se, although it is not small either. It does have sufficient power. But I might recommend a second hand P1 over it, just based on usability.
I think the Lotoo Paw Gold should be one of the best sounding daps available, definitely better than the 901. But they are indeed pricey even second hand. You can get a 901 for around $600 with a good card I think. But it doesn't have a large stage per se, although it is not small either. It does have sufficient power. But I might recommend a second hand P1 over it, just based on usability.