The MagicOne incorporates some fancy
"Nautilus Acoustic Maze Technology", which in essence is a special rear cavity labyrinth acoustic tube.
This 3D-printed ultra-thin (77 mm x 0.91 mm) acoustic tube is inspired by the nautilus snail shell - thus giving it its namesake - and is deliberately extended in a maze-like design for tuning purposes. Think of it as an acoustic damper via air pressure to down-throttle certain frequencies, and essentially it results in an increased bass resonance, much more than what a standard single BA can execute.
Single BA types are usually very weak in sub-bass extension, but AFUL has managed to overcome this driver limitation with this novel tech.
Yes, it can be argued that why is the company incorporating some pricey exotic tech inside the shell to compensate for a single BA? Why not just use a hybrid or multi-driver setup to get rid of the deficiencies of a 1 BA IEM? But, yeah this proof-of-concept technology can perhaps filter down to a cheaper price point for other driver configurations, and maybe in the future we can get more IEMs for cheaper using this tech?
If we recall, planar IEMs were for a long time thought to be exotic and costly, but in the span of just 1.5 years, we have seen its proliferation evolve to sub-$100 planar IEMs that are very good sounding! So I don't mind new tech coming out, instead of companies resting on laurels by releasing sidegrade Harman spam weekly.
Perfect pitch AKA absolute pitch is where a note is hit on the piano (eg G#), and the musician can identify the G# frequency on the spot, without a prior reference note.
Relative pitch (which is way more common), is when a musician utilizes a reference note and counts (or hears) the next note to identify it. So a reference note is required prior.
In general, absolute pitch is mostly genetically inherited, but it can be trained from young in some individuals (usually before the age of 9):
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4951961/. Once the brain is more developed and there is less neuroplasticity, then absolute pitch is much harder to be picked up unfortunately.
I have been playing the piano and guitar for about 30+ years now, but only started learning at 7 years old, which is actually a bit late for a musician. I never managed to obtain absolute pitch, but somehow ended up taking music for Cambridge O Levels. I realized most of the other students in my cohort had absolute pitch LOL, so I was quite disadvantaged for some aspects. But I picked up relative pitch, and now play in a band for some jazzy stuff on weekends for a hobby.
Interestingly, my wife and all her siblings have absolute pitch. Half of them are now music teachers, but the other half (my wife included) never had much musical training, but even today, they can identify notes hit on a piano. So definitely the genetic component of absolute pitch is there.
I realize in a band setting though, absolute pitch is not 100% essential. Relative pitch can help you play in any key, to improvise without scores etc. You can get by with muscle memory and scales without absolute pitch, just with a prior reference note/key. In fact, I have ever played with an absolute pitch pianist who went crazy when she was using an out-of-tune acoustic piano. She couldn't identify the notes as such, cause what she was hearing and what came out of the piano were not synced. Absolute pitch is definitely advantageous for soloists and perhaps in classical/orchestral settings. It is also useful if some singer just hits a particular key or melody singing ad lib, and as a musician you want to back the vocals up without knowing what key she is singing in, then absolute pitch is highly useful then.