Being curious about the perceived differences between the Sennheiser HD650 and H660 headphones, I wanted to see if measurement would support my observations. I measured the headphones in the following setups:
- One (*) with the headphone on my head, with the microphone underneath the pads, just above my ear inlet
- Two with the headphones held in the air, with
- A near-field measurement of the drivers
- A 1cm distance measurement
The equipment used:
- Source: iMac, 48kHz, 16 bit audio
- Amplifier: iFi Micro iDSD
- Software: Fuzzmeasure
- Microphone: Behringer ECM8000 with M-audio MobilePre mic-XLR to USB (*)
** Headphone measurement on my head **
The measurements on my head show the following response (HD660 = red, HD650 = yellow). Some observations:
- At the mid frequencies the HD660 is about 5dB more efficient
- The shape of the curve is roughly the same
After aligning the curves at 100Hz and at the “somewhat average” treble region, the response measurements compare relatively as follows
Observations:
- The HD660 and HD650 do have some deviations in the treble characteristics up to 12kHz, but up to 12kHz they are mostly the same
- The HD660 has about 2dB more energy in the 200-2.000Hz region (this is where most of the energy of most instruments is situated)
- The HD650 has about 5dB more energy in the low frequencies (this is probably related to the fact that the HD650 is tuned as if it reflects a neutral speaker that is compensated for baffle step in a room.
For me it partially explains the following differences in sound characteristics;
- The HD660 sounds more “energetic”, the HD650 a bit more bass-heavy and “muffled” (in comparison, I still think it is more accurate than tons of other headphones on the market). The HD650 has a bit of a bathtub frequency response when you compare it to the HD660 response. If you listen for a long time to the HD660, and then the HD650 this is exactly one of the observations. The other way around, the HD660 sounds relatively(!!) “canny/nasal” compared to the HD650.
- The difference in audible treble characteristics is more difficult to judge from the above measurements, as the wave lengths are dominated by the (whatever chosen) measurement method, where the reflections are becoming dominant.
** Headphone measurement open air near field **
Measuring very closely to the headphone drivers in the open air, gives the following measurement results for both (HD660 = red, HD650 = yellow). All the peaks and dips are peaks displaced when you measure at for instance 1cm distance. This implies that those peaks and dips are due to reflections of the cups/pads/inner construction, and are not related to some driver issues.
For that reason, I average out the dips and peaks by applying an 1/3rd octave smoothing (considered what we hear mostly anyway, unless very high Q resonant factors would be present, which is not the case). That gives the following figure:
This might hint at a more solid high-frequency response for the HD660. The dips in the 5-8kHz region is probably related to the inner dimensions of the pads (lamba = 6,5cm -> 5.250Hz; lambda = 4,3cm -> 7.950Hz), which is common for both headphones. This leaves for the HD650 (compared to the HD660) peak at 2.5kHz, a dip at 10kHz, and a peak at 16kHz. My suspicion is that the HD650 mimics the diffuse field response as described by Theile (Theile,
On the Standardization of the Frequency Response of High-Quality Studio Headphones, J. of the AES, vol. 34, no. 12, December 1986, 956-969), which is not done for the HD660.
Coming back to the audible differences, the treble on the HD660 appears more coherent to me; the HD650 has a high-frequency zizz that is less apparent on the HD660, and lacks energy in the presence area (2-4kHz) compared to the HD650. So the measurements are indicative in that direction, but I would need to do a lot more measurements, blind tests etc. to make it a hard scientific statement (which was not the goal of my exercise).
Anyway, the data is there, and I invite anyone that has other observations based on these curves (besides “measurements make no sense” remarks; I know those type of opinions exist, but it doesn’t bring any news).
** Addendum: Headphone waterfall curves **
Based on the near-field open-air measurements of the drivers, I’ve also constructed waterfall graphs (aligned with the same depth in dB @ 1kHz — forget below 100Hz and above 10kHz due to the measurement duration and the fft window applied). There is nothing spectacular to be seen in terms of differences here, so in that essence besides size (more efficiency and different radiation within the chamber created by the headphone-face connection), the drivers do not pose any obvious advantages in terms of resonances due to applied material or so.
HD650 waterfall:
HD660 waterfall:
** Addendum 2, about the measurements **
(*) I double checked position accuracy by moving the microphone to various places under the pads. Besides a slight shift of peaks and dips in the >3 kHz region (which also proves those are caused by refections due to the headphone/face/ear interactions), this type of measurements shows to be pretty stable and accurate. Because the Behringer has a relative large microphone mouth, it is in general not fully reliable for measurements above 8kHz.
** Addendum 3, more measurements **
https://diyaudioheaven.wordpress.com/headphones/measurements/brands-s-se/hd660s/
https://www.innerfidelity.com/images/SennheiserHD660S.pdf