Almost certainly. The question is though, how much? It's good you've seen your doctor, however, he/she can only examine your eardrum. You would need more extensive/specialist tests to determine any damage to your aural nerves and there's no real way (AFAIK) to determine damage to your inner ear hair cells. Hopefully, the only permanent damage you've done is to some of your inner ear hair cells at a level which is only marginally more than the natural process of your hairs cells dying/deteriorating. Again AFAIK, tinnitus is still fairly poorly understood and there's no way to know when/if your tinnitus will stop,
It's a vital lesson that you should never put HPs over or in your ears unless you're certain what they're outputting is at safe level. I had an acquaintance who learnt that lesson much harder than you have, he plugged his HPs into a line level rather than a HP output on a mixing desk and awoke from the coma 3 weeks later, with no residual hearing at all. We always taught students to wear headphones around their necks and then slowly bring them to their ears while the music was playing, to give themselves time to judge the level before the HPs fully covered or were inserted into the ears.
G
