Quote:   I meant to point out that a perceived 'flat' response (equal loudness) is more natural-sounding, and therefore more balanced, to the average person than a 0dB-flat response. This would drive manufacturers to make earphones/headphones with a FR that resembles the shape of the...

Realise I've pulled the thread off-topic, but I think the above posters have covered FR quite thoroughly, so...   I do live sound mixing from time to time, using the ER4S, reputedly one of the least coloured IEMs, and guess what? It sounds nothing like the speakers I'm broadcasting through...

  Quote: Just to throw a wrench into the works, and give you something to think about: Do you know what the producer/artist was using to monitor the mastering (headphones/speakers?), and do you know the frequency response of their headphones/speakers? Is there any reason to assume...

Quote: Ah, right, thanks for the clarification. See this quite often, and I think the only thing these people aren't good at is trying. Haven't gotten my feet all that wet in doing electronics and amps, but learning the science was quite a long journey.

I remember seeing mentions of it in some forums, but the LODs I've seen in person are the plain ones. Anyway, the LOD pin-outs for the iPod, and probably other players as well, are available if you Google. The physical dock connectors can be purchased as well, although I'm not aware of the...

  Quote: I'm just curious, but people make the task sound very complicated. Is this based on the assumption that someone is starting from scratch -- not knowing basic electronics, never having read schematics or done any soldering?   Or do you guys do projects using basic...

Quote:   All this is true, but when you get down to it, the LOD is just a short length of cable connecting the internal line-out interface (not the standard 1/8" jack) to an separate external interface, which is the focus of the OP's question.   khaos794: I've heard of LODs...

Quote: While this is true, and gaining the experience is a good reason to DIY, I think I should give a word of caution. I've realised that, while experimenting with different connector pins to find appropriate ones, the connector on the driver side has loosened considerably.   Can't...

technetium, you're planning on using stiff wires for the connectors?   It's quite a popular question, but no-one has any idea where to get original connector pins or even decent replacements for them. (I don't consider makeshift stiff wires as decent, probably can't withstand multiple...

If you're asking about bitrates, audio CDs (or CD-DA) have only one universal standard - the Red Book. It has 2 channels (typically left and right), sampled at 44100 frames a second with 16 bits per frame, giving it a bitrate of 1411kbps.

To answer the TS' original question of what is muddy, it's when the bass encroaches into the territory of mids and highs, robbing the sound of its rightful clarity and detail. I've always thought of the idea visually as ink smeared by water.   You can have lots of bass in the sound without...

Check this out: http://www.dolphinmusic.co.uk/article/321-headphones-impedance.html   Basically, not all head/earphones were made for low-powered portable devices. You'll find that many high-impedance headphones were originally made for monitoring purposes. Even small mixers can have...

Quote: Not an expert here either, but I always thought power in dB was additive in the logarithmic, as you pointed out. So -20dB paired with -20dB should only cut out -23dB. I think it's a little like putting 2 resistors in series - you double the resistance, halve the power, but halving...

Quote: In the real world, different mics will likely have different diaphragms (mass, damping, resonance) and electrical circuitry, and will pick up the same source differently. It's similar for headphones, but instead of picking up sounds differently, the diaphragms reproduce sounds...

Quote: I'm not sure about a strong amp, but running the ER4S direct off my H320, and later running it out of my old Little Dot Micro+, there seems to be some positive effect. Better bass, better clarity (there have been complaints that the ER4S didn't handle busy passages all that well...