I've always read that receivers don't tend to have great headphone outputs since a lot of them just tap into and pad down the output from the power amp section. My experience pretty much agrees with this, though of course my stable of receivers is a tiny sample and probably isn't representative of the whole picture.
I've got two vintage models (a Kenwood KR-6030 and a Cambridge Audio Model 2500) and a circa-2000 Philips HT receiver. The Kenny matches very poorly with my DT880 (hissy output and bloated, loose bass--probably an impedance mismatch) but does okay with my SRH440 (44 ohms vs 250 ohms for the DT880). Both reveal the slightly warm tint and relaxed treble of the Kenny's sound.
It's difficult to say how well either does with the Cambridge on account of its filter caps being completely shot, resulting in a constant buzz in the background. Interestingly, despite the buzz, the Cambridge had excellent synergy with a modified Grado SR225i, and much headbanging resulted. The Cambridge has a "fun" sound (slightly boosted midbass and treble).
The Philips does okay with both my headphones, but it's kind of nondescript sounding, with slight roll off at both ends and a seeming lack of dynamics. I'd say it's the most neutral sounding pairing, but also the most boring and least engaging. It's also not very powerful, requiring a lot more volume to get the DT880 up to a reasonable level.
Was any of this relevant? Probably not, but I said it, and we're supposed to be off topic now that Doh!cember has been suggested, so there you go.
tl;dr: Receivers probably aren't quite as bad for headphones as their reputation suggests, but overall you're still better off getting something designed specifically for headphones. Some receivers have dedicated headphone amp sections, but I haven't come across one of those personally.