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Effect of Materials (Wood/Metal/Plastic) on Sound

post #1 of 7
Thread Starter 

I've been wondering a lot about this recently - in the Grado world, it seems that metal-wood hybrid > wood > metal > plastic, at least in regards to price and perceived luxury. Does this have any real correspondence with SQ?

 

String instruments are made with wood and brass instruments, metal - so there are clearly important acoustic properties. However, many expensive headphones are made with plastic (top of the line Beyers, Senns, AKG, Ultrasone), and plastic didn't exist when violins/trumpets were first created. I'm not saying that plastic violins/trumpets would be superior, but musical instruments are very different from electronic reproduction, where neutrality is preferred.

 

In my mind, the most perfect headphone would be two headphone drivers magically suspended in the air, a centimeter from my ears. However, since we can't do that and must accept coloring of some kind, what exact properties of wood/metal/plastic affect the sound?

 

I'm posting in Sound Science, because I'm hoping someone familiar with material and acoustic engineering can clarify with regards to scientific measurable effects like resonance, rigidity etc. If you're gonna tell me about the time you bought $200 lacquered exotic woodied cups and how that "totally opened up the sound"... I'm not sure what to say.

post #2 of 7
Thread Starter 
post #3 of 7

unfortunately i dont have anything sciency to add, but i can say that in my bass playing heydays, i demo'd a LOT of bass guitars, and rarely if ever found a synthetic material to sound as good as a wood instrument.  of course some of that is personal taste, but there is certainly something to be said about the acoustic properties of wood being unique, and not easily if at all reproducable with synthetic materials. 

 

the way sound waves are bounced or absorbed, or cause resonance with any two different materials is going to make a difference, no matter if wood is involved or not. 

 

I actually wonder a lot just how much wood or, non wood contributes to the sound of headpones too.  will be interested to see where this discussion goes.

post #4 of 7
It depends on the manufacturer. Some test designs extensively and use the best material for the job.

Others tart up old designs with wood and metal to give the appearance of luxury.

And sound isn't everything in the audio world. People buy according to fashion and assume that beautiful and expensive gear sounds "better." After all, something that costs that much must sound good. Right? If it's finished so nicely, then they must have put just as much effort into the sound. Right? The manufacturer is so friendly, helpful and attentive that there is no way the product is a tarted up old design. Right?

Caveat emptor.

The audio market makes used car salesmen look like Mother Teresa.
post #5 of 7

Theoretically materials can be sorted by their density, stiffness, probably speed of sound in given material does also play a role. Under these criteria there are materials superior to any wood, like carbon fiber, yet they don't sound as good, or, offer a different tune. There is a reason why building a good guitar or violin is an art, it is more a matter of experience than science, the way to combine different types of materials not to mention shapes. Picking up certain material is just another way to tune the sound in a certain direction.

 

As for plastic and high-end headphones, keep in mind that many of them are open-backed, with small or no air chambers, so the impact of the material is minimal, at least compared to closed-back designs. Denon, Audio Technica and, if I remember well, top Ultrasones all use wooden chambers in their closed high-end headphones. And as for your ideal model of headphone, you've more or less described AKG K1000.

post #6 of 7

The design goal is to have a certain sound at the listener's ear. This "certain sound" is different between headphones, but it's determined by the designers, and they accomplish it partially by whatever material(s) they choose to make the headphones out of. There are many design decisions and you could probably get extremely different sounds using the same materials, and likewise similar sounds using different materials. I don't think there is an end-all "inherent sound" to any type of material when there are SO many other headphone design decisions at play (transducer type/placement, headphone shape, backing, etc...)

post #7 of 7
Quote:
Originally Posted by az2123 View Post

I've been wondering a lot about this recently - in the Grado world, it seems that metal-wood hybrid > wood > metal > plastic, at least in regards to price and perceived luxury. Does this have any real correspondence with SQ?

 

String instruments are made with wood and brass instruments, metal - so there are clearly important acoustic properties. However, many expensive headphones are made with plastic (top of the line Beyers, Senns, AKG, Ultrasone), and plastic didn't exist when violins/trumpets were first created. I'm not saying that plastic violins/trumpets would be superior, but musical instruments are very different from electronic reproduction, where neutrality is preferred.

 

In my mind, the most perfect headphone would be two headphone drivers magically suspended in the air, a centimeter from my ears. However, since we can't do that and must accept coloring of some kind, what exact properties of wood/metal/plastic affect the sound?

 

I'm posting in Sound Science, because I'm hoping someone familiar with material and acoustic engineering can clarify with regards to scientific measurable effects like resonance, rigidity etc. If you're gonna tell me about the time you bought $200 lacquered exotic woodied cups and how that "totally opened up the sound"... I'm not sure what to say.

 

God, this post remind me one member here whined about HD800 being plastic. It was so sad and embarrassing enough that made my face red.

 

 

The purpose of materials used in instruments (which 'produce' sound) and those used in audio playback devices (which 'reproduce' sound) are different.

 

 

 

Please pay attention to bold words. "Produce" and "Reproduce" have rather completely different meanings. You see, wood, brass and some other chosen materials are selected in instruments because they react to various physical forces (from vibration, airflow friction, brute force, etc) and make interesting sound based on their properties.

 

 

But for playback devices, the main purpose of materials containing transducers is prevent unwanted sound from the transducers (because they cannot physically perfectly transfer electronic signal into physical sound wave.) So, for speakers and headphones, we have to deal with enclosures/damping materials. For the purpose, materials with good acoustic absorption and highly resonance-resistant are highly desired for the job.

 

 

Now, the trick is "good acoustic absorption and highly resonance-resistant" materials do not have to be super expensive and super hard-to-find materials (and of course, super pretty materials like wood.) If what those 'hi-fi' audio makers' claims are true, then we should see those top studio monitor makers using various exotic woods for their products for the best accurate sound. But they still use plain boring black plastic (for a good reason, of course.)

 

 

Really, simply put, makers use wood/leather/-insert super expensive material here- because they are quite pretty and attract customers. Regardless of what those folks claim, there are few reasons to use such materials to make proper audio playback devices.

 

 

 

Plus : Not to mention, due to the nature of physics, no materials absorb all sound energy and stop resonance completely. Thus, using fewer materials possible is usually ideal because fewer the materials used, less coloration introduced by the materials. This is why open headphones are usually much better sounding ones compared to closed headphones at same price.

 


Edited by wnmnkh - 9/23/11 at 12:57am
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