DACs really don't make a huge difference. Your first upgrade, from onboard sound to whatever, might be huge if your motherboard has a crappy audio chip.
Your card doesn't have especially good audio quality. It's fine, just not great. You could replace it, rather than get an external DAC. Assuming the rated 101dB sensitivity of your headphone is in dB/mW, you won't need a powerful amp. The X-Fi Titanium HD
is a good card. It's not nearly a good as the Essence STX for audio, and doesn't have as powerful a headphone amp, but the differences should be inaudible. I won't recommend the STX because it has a 10.7 ohm headphone output impedance that will cause problems with your Ultrasone. When and if you get headphones that need more power, use the card's RCA out to an external amp.