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Is ripple the only spec we care for in an "audio source" PSU?

post #1 of 21
Thread Starter 

Hi there, you know how ppl are...they always want more, more, more!

 

When I upgraded my computer PSU to a Corsair w/ the lowest ripple measured on a famous hardware site(7mV ripple on the 12V rail in idle), I would swear I heard a SQ improvement on several internal soundcards I had at the time(using LT1028/AD797 opamps and Sanyo OS-Con PSU filtering for the most part).

 

I currently run a Firestone Spitfire DAC on its 24VDC "Supplier" PSU fed w/ toslink, SQ is amazing to my ears...and most ppl agree that the SQ improvement from that PSU is quite drastic: http://www.head-fi.org/forum/thread/410199/firestone-audio-supplier#post_5438537

 

so that's my 0.25A PSU inside shots: http://www.head-fi.org/forum/thread/286131/diy-supply-for-firestone-spitfire#post3664105

 

the only technical specs I could find for that 0.5A 220V gray transformer: http://www.bingzi.com/UploadFiles/201011416362630.pdf

 

Some linear PSU's can have a VERY high ripple, this one has 100mV:

 

ps1303.jpg

 

its datasheet: http://www.velleman.eu/downloads/2/ps13xxgbnlfresd.pdf

 

All this to come to my question: Would there be any point for me to upgrade from the "Supplier" PSU to this thing?

 

ps3003.jpg

 

They boast about 1mV ripple: http://www.niemeijer.nu/misc/manualps3003.pdf

 

I could get another cheaper laboratory PSU rated for 2A:

 

LINEARES NETZGERÄT PS-1302 D

 

but they talk about 5mV ripple in its datasheet: http://www.produktinfo.conrad.com/datenblaetter/500000-524999/511806-an-01-ml-LIN_NETZGERAET_PS_1302D_de_en_fr_nl.pdf

 

A friend of mine tells me that ripple is not the only part of the story  and that opamps carry a high PSRR anyway...but the other chips in my DAC(S/PDIF receiver CS8416, PCM1793 DAC chip) might still exhibit the ripple improvement?

 

Some ppl on the link I posted above say that the Supplier PSU is just "a simple linear regulator IC"...and my friend tells me: "the Supplier does not just have a transformer & 2 caps: it has a regulator too =) and that's what counts for a DAC PSU (not a power amp, which would most probably have an unregulated power supply)."

 

I should also say that my favorite LT1363 opamp has a rather low PSRR at 88dB..a far cry from the 120/130dB found in other chips, improving the PSU section is mandatory on that chip...it can sounds quite horrid if poorly fed in many ppl's experience.

 

Firestone's techsupport told me this, but I can't make anything out of it:

For the adapter and the ripple, they are not relative. The adapter is only a passive element of adjusting alternating current. As we said ripple, it is because of features insufficiencies of regulated power supply contribution to the small amplitude of alternating signal adding into the regulated direct current. And for the output ripple of our supplier is very low, please do not worry.

 

hopefully someone can shed some lights, thanks!


Edited by leeperry - 6/8/10 at 4:06am
post #2 of 21

Before you want an answer to your question define "we".

post #3 of 21
Thread Starter 

done! a friend of mine ordered that PSU and I'm wondering whether it'd do any good to my Spitfire icecreams.gif


Edited by leeperry - 6/8/10 at 4:07am
post #4 of 21

I'd suggest you look at this and then look back at your 7mV noise figure:

 

http://tangentsoft.net/elec/psu-tests/

 

You can get into the uV noise range.  amb's sigma supplies get into that range as well.

 

For the digital side, such as clocks, I have read that flicker (1/f) noise is important as well.  Your limiting factor in the chase for low noise will be on board regulators generating noise.

post #5 of 21

Output impedance also matters.  If a PSU has a high output impedance, the voltage will drop when large amounts of current are drawn.

post #6 of 21
Thread Starter 

well the Spitfire has a 0.2A fuse so that wouldn't be a problem I guess.
 

Originally Posted by cobaltmute View Post

I'd suggest you look at this and then look back at your 7mV noise figure:

 

http://tangentsoft.net/elec/psu-tests/

 

You can get into the uV noise range.  amb's sigma supplies get into that range as well.

 

For the digital side, such as clocks, I have read that flicker (1/f) noise is important as well.  Your limiting factor in the chase for low noise will be on board regulators generating noise.

 

noise and ripple are different things, aren't they?

 

I got the 7mV ripple figure from that site: http://translate.google.com/translate?u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canardpc.com%2Fdossier-36-450-Corsair_CX_400_Watts.html&sl=fr&tl=en&hl=&ie=UTF-8

 

They measured the rails ripple in idle/load and also the harmonics levels(3rd/5th level, etc)

 

or is the noise measured on your link is a mix of ripple/harmonics levels etc etc?

 

So I could find some 0.00x mV ripple PSU for my DAC? but this would be very pricey I'd guess..and is ripple the only spec we care for? not likely? harmonics levels come to mind.


Edited by leeperry - 6/8/10 at 4:18am
post #7 of 21

Well, maybe you need to answer you own question about ripple, harmonics and figure out what each is.  They are tied together however.

 

As for low noise for the DAC, I've already led you to the source for at least two supplies, if you'd care to build them.

post #8 of 21
Thread Starter 

ok, but then it means that this 1mV ripple spec is meaningless? and w/o knowing the different levels of harmonics, it's also impossible to know which one would "sound" better?

 

I can use a soldering iron and I'd like to get more into DIY...I'll check your link more thoroughly, but apparently the two best ones in this test are unavailable..I need a 230V 24VDC 0.5A, will check if the TREAD can do that.


Edited by leeperry - 6/8/10 at 5:06am
post #9 of 21

Ripple is an AC signal on top of the DC.  A harmonic is

 

Quote:
A harmonic of a wave is a component frequency of the signal that is an integer multiple of the fundamental frequency

 

So for 1kHz ripple, the second harmonic would be 2kHz, the third would by 3kHz etc.

 

Now mains noise is at 50 or 60Hz, so you could care about the harmonics.

 

But do you think all ripple is right at that frequency?

 

The best one in that test is very much available:

 

http://tangentsoft.net/elec/yjps/

 

as is amb's sigma11:

 

http://www.amb.org/audio/sigma11/

 

There are several other low noise designs around.

 

As for the sound, the only way to tell how they perform in your system is to try them in your system.

post #10 of 21

Quote:
Originally Posted by leeperry View Post

ok, but then it means that this 1mV ripple spec is meaningless? and w/o knowing the different levels of harmonics, it's also impossible to know which one would "sound" better?

 


 

Its not meaningless, but with the types of specs we're seeing from some of these nicer diy psu's, I'd say its debatable whether a psu with .007mVrms of ripple provides an audible improvement over one that measures 50x that amount..

 

As for the ripple frequency, you want the majority of it to stay out of the audible band.  Even with a psrr of -88db, the power supply ripple is still reduced by a factor of 1/25000 (if I did the calculations right =/)

 

There are a few other things you may want to keep into consideration.. output impedance and rail capacitance for one.. you may want a psu with variable output or a soft power-up circuit, physical size or efficiency(heat) may be important, more power hungry applications may need to output more current than some psu's are capable of.. 

 

 

post #11 of 21
Thread Starter 

yes, LT1363 has a 88dB PSRR, but the CS8416/PCM1793 would also most likely benefit from a less noisy PSU?

 

so the top choice in that review costs $100 in parts, the second not sure...but no kit is available for either of these...and the 3rd choice(the TREAD) is apparently quite cheap.

 

if I were to build a YJPS, it'd be a keeper and hopefully I could change its output voltage if I ever want to get a new DAC...and it'd never be a bottleneck to SQ. I like the sound of that(pun intended)


Edited by leeperry - 6/8/10 at 5:33pm
post #12 of 21

I should note that if you are looking for 0.5A output, you should look at amb's sigma11.  Slightly more noise, but it is capable of 1A output with the stock parts list.  The YJPS is capable of the output you seek, but you need to choose some special parts (or so says the YJPS FAQ).

post #13 of 21
Thread Starter 

Well, the Supplier PSU is rated for 0.5A but the Spitfire DAC has a 0.2A fuse anyway...I guess it's about running a bigger PSU so it doesn't get hot and offers a better "throughput".

 

Yes, I checked the FAQ for the YJPS, and it's said that if you don't use the right wire gauge and so...there will be no point over using a TREAD anyway. There's a few electronics repair shops around my place, I might just ask them to check the ripple on that Supplier PSU and take it from there.


Edited by leeperry - 6/8/10 at 6:40pm
post #14 of 21

How much ripple does an unplugged laptop get supplied when powered by its battery (answer about 0)?  Yet there is no improved SQ then!

 

 

IMO this is pointless,  on your mother board there are all sorts of things like buck regulators that will make that ripple figure meaningliess.  Unless you have a schematic of your motherboard and upgrade every component in its PS rails its a waste of time.

 

Also the clocks on your sound card are extremely sensitive to nV's of ripple in the Mhz region.

 

post #15 of 21
Thread Starter 
Originally Posted by JamesL 
Even with a psrr of -88db, the power supply ripple is still reduced by a factor of 1/25000

 

Thanks for pointing this out! Instead of wasting my time on a -more than likely- very subtle *audible* improvement off the Spitfire DAC(besides, its matched "Supplier" PSU sounds fantastic to my ears ), I think I'd better get myself a TREAD PSU for the Monitor 01USD...the SQ improvement would prolly be much higher, apparently these units really lack in the power filtering department: http://hifiduino.wordpress.com/2010/03/29/summary-of-musiland-01-mini-mods/

 

I'd need to hack the power lines off a USB cable, and supply something like 0.5A 5V.


Edited by leeperry - 6/8/10 at 9:21pm
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